Frontiers in Pharmacology | New and Recent Articles

BackgroundFasting during Ramadan causes challenges for diabetes treatment, necessitating tailored counseling and adjustments for medication. Community pharmacists play a vital role in enhancing fasting safety, although their readiness has not been well investigated in southern Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to evaluate community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding dia…

IntroductionPancreatic cancer remains a leading cause of death with poor prognosis. Current standard chemotherapies offer limited survival benefits, and no standard treatment exists for patients failing two lines of therapy. Preclinical evidence suggests that targeting MNK and VEGFR pathways can remodel the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and enhance immunotherapy efficacy. This study ev…

Transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a life-threatening complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in which systemic complement activation induces endothelial injury, leading to microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and organ dysfunction. TA-TMA often progresses rapidly and has historically been associated with high mortality. Over the last deca…

BackgroundPhillygenin (PLE) is a bioactive constituent of Forsythiae fructus that exerts hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the mechanisms underlying its activity remain insufficiently characterized.MethodsThe effect of PLE on HCCLM3 and Hep3B tumor cells was assessed using immunofluorescence (IF) staining, TUNEL ass…

BackgroundPharmacogenetics (PGx) may support more individualized pediatric therapy by accounting for genetic variability in drug response, toxicity, and dose requirements. However, the extent and manner in which pharmacogenetic and biomarker-related components are incorporated into pediatric clinical trials remain incompletely characterized.ObjectivesTo qualitatively examine how pharmacogenetic a…

BackgroundInterprofessional clinical training is increasingly recognized as essential for preparing pharmacy graduates to address both individual patient needs and broader population-health priorities. Yet how Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students actually develop population-health competencies within clinical environments remains poorly understood.MethodsThis qualitative research explored the lea…

CpG oligonucleotides are potent immunoadjuvants that hold great promise for cancer immunotherapy, but their clinical use is limited by in vivo instability, off-target toxicity, and poor tumor targeting. Intelligent nanoplatforms offer effective solutions to these challenges by protecting CpG, improving delivery precision, and enabling on-demand cargo release. This review summarizes four major des…

IntroductionTenecteplase (TNK), a novel genetically modified variant of tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA), holds great promise as a first-line thrombolytic agent for thrombotic diseases owing to its convenient administration and favorable pharmacological properties. However, glycosylation heterogeneity derived from distinct production processes has resulted in industry-wide inconsistencie…

BackgroundJanus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have expanded treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by providing rapid and effective oral therapy. However, their optimal use has become increasingly complex after the emergence of safety concerns involving serious infections, herpes zoster (HZ), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and malignancy. This issue …

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) represents a major clinical and public health challenge contributing disproportionately to disability, healthcare utilisation, and societal costs. Progress in the field may be hindered by substantial heterogeneity in TRD phenotypic definitions and inconsistencies in their operationalisation across research and clinical settings. In this narrative review, we pr…

BackgroundIncomplete immune reconstitution (INR) affects 9%–45% of ART-treated people living with HIV (PLWH) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Chronic immune activation and inflammatory signaling, particularly via the IP-10/CXCL10 pathway, are central to its pathogenesis. Whether Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF), an immunomodulatory agent with established anti-inflamma…

IntroductionThe ever-increasing complexity of biochemical systems, alongside the rapid growth of pharmaceutical and biomedical data, underscores the urgent need for intelligent, scalable, and interpretable computational models. These models must be capable of supporting next-generation decision-support systems and driving knowledge discovery in the realm of computational science. Traditional appr…

BackgroundAdenomyosis occurs when tissue from the inner lining of the endometrium grows into the muscle wall of the myometrium. Previous studies have suggested that High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) combined with medications may improve treatment outcomes for adenomyosis; however, the comparative efficacy of different medication combinations remains unclear. This network meta-analysis aime…

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a cornerstone chemotherapeutic drug in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its efficacy is often limited by the development of drug resistance linked to increased cellular capacity to repair DNA damage. Altered tumor metabolism allows cancer cells to meet increased energy demands for rapid proliferation while evading apoptosis and adapting to therapeutic…

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide, with obesity recognized as a major modifiable risk factor. Obesity-associated CRC is characterized by systemic low-grade inflammation, altered lipid metabolism, and gut microbial dysbiosis, all of which converge to create a pro-inflammatory niche. Emerging evidence implicates murine miR-101a/b, an…

Background and AimsGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common in patients with CVD receiving long-term antithrombotic therapy, increasing gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding risk. Potassium-competitive acid blockers, such as fexuprazan, provide rapid and potent acid suppression; however, relevant evidence in this high-risk population is limited. This study evaluated the effects of fexuprazan on …