endocrinology

IntroductionPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic disorders affecting women of reproductive age. Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides (DOP) have shown multiple pharmacological activities, but their therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms in PCOS remain incompletely understood.MethodsA dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced mouse model of PCOS was…

In people with type 1 diabetes, the immune system mistakenly destroys the pancreatic beta cells responsible for producing insulin. Patients therefore require lifelong insulin therapy to regulate their blood glucose levels.

Higher habitual coffee intake was associated with a leaner body composition, lower circulating branched-chain amino acids, and distinct cardiometabolic patterns in 2,264 middle-aged Finnish adults. Hormonal associations differed by sex, with broader testosterone- and SHBG-related patterns in men and more limited SHBG-related changes in women.

Insulin is a cornerstone of treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes, essential for lowering blood glucose levels. However, if insulin doses are not appropriately matched to the body's needs, glucose levels can fall too low, resulting in hypoglycemia, a common and potentially dangerous complication of treatment. Hypoglycemia can impair thinking and cause symptoms ranging from dizziness and con…

Thyroid hormone medicine is taken by millions of people, but getting the dose right may be more important for the heart than many people realize. A large study found that people whose thyroid levels became too high or too low during treatment had a greater risk of dying from heart-related causes. The findings point to […] The post Thyroid Treatment May Put the Heart at Risk appeared first on Know…

The growing burden of male hypogonadism has raised concerns regarding the potential impact of modern lifestyles and environmental exposures on male reproductive health. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is widely used for the treatment of male hypogonadism. However, prolonged TRT may suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis, resulting in reduced gonadotropin production, decr…

A new study led by Kasia Lipska, MD, MHS, associate professor of medicine (endocrinology and metabolism) at Yale School of Medicine, examined the impact of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1RA) therapy on rates of insulin discontinuation in people with type 2 diabetes compared with other oral medications typically prescribed to help manage blood sugar levels. The findings were publis…

Type 2 diabetes is usually associated with blood sugar, heart disease and kidney problems, but it can also affect the risk of broken bones. Strangely, people with diabetes may have bones that appear relatively dense on medical tests while still being more likely to experience fractures. Researchers have been trying to understand this contradiction for […] The post Can Diabetes Cause Bone Fracture…

People with type 2 diabetes can face a puzzling bone problem. Their bones often look as dense as, or even denser than, those of people without diabetes, yet they may still be more likely to suffer a fracture. A new study suggests that ordinary bone loss does not fully explain this higher risk. The research […] The post Why Diabetes Can Raise Bone Fracture Risk appeared first on Knowridge Science …

A growing understanding of trained immunity, a form of long-lasting immune system adaptation, is reshaping how scientists view diabetes and its many complications. A new review highlights how persistent changes in the body's innate immune system may contribute to the development of diabetes, worsen disease progression, and create new opportunities for treatment.

A growing understanding of trained immunity, a form of long-lasting immune system adaptation, is reshaping how scientists view diabetes and its many complications. A new review highlights how persistent changes in the body's innate immune system may contribute to the development of diabetes, worsen disease progression, and create new opportunities for treatment.

A new study published in Diabetes Care finds that bone loss alone does not explain the increased fracture risk observed in some older adults with type 2 diabetes.

The military plans to start screening service members for low testosterone, and social media is overflowing with claims about testosterone therapy. But who actually needs it?

Poor sleep can affect almost every part of the body, including the hormones that keep us healthy. Researchers are increasingly finding that sleep disorders and hormone disorders often occur together. A new Brazilian study suggests that one of the strongest links may be between hypothyroidism and obstructive sleep apnea. Hypothyroidism develops when the thyroid gland […] The post Hidden Thyroid Pr…

Millions of people around the world live with hypothyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough hormones. These hormones help control metabolism, body temperature, heart rate, and many other important body functions. When hormone levels fall, people often feel tired, gain weight, have dry skin, feel cold, and struggle to concentrate. […] The post Study Finds Strong Li…

Growth impairment is a common late effect of childhood stem cell transplantation. A Japan-wide study found that growth hormone therapy improves adult height, but prior radiation therapy and transplant-related complications negatively affect how much children benefit.

According to a study conducted in Brazil by researchers at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) with participants from the São Paulo Epidemiological Sleep Study (EPISONO 2018), people with hypothyroidism experience a higher frequency and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

BackgroundUpdated 2023 international evidence-based guidelines do not recommend anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) for diagnosing adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, also newly termed polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome [PMOS]) due to limited specificity. Physiological multifollicular ovaries are prevalent in teenagers, and existing studies show massive heterogeneity in participant age, BM…

A recent study provides evidence that administering opposite-sex hormones to rats shifts their sexual behavior to resemble the opposite sex. The findings suggest that these hormonal changes also suppress natural reproductive functioning.