pulmonology

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading global health problem, with pulmonary emphysema as one of its hallmark pathological features. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), predominantly derived from alveolar macrophages, has been implicated in extracellular matrix degradation. However, the upstream regulatory signals responsible for MMP-9 induction in cigarette smoke (CS…

BackgroundHylocereus undatus flower (HUF), the dried flower of H. undatus (Haw.) Britton and Rose, was first recorded in the Lingnan Record of Medicinal Herbs and is now listed in the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicines. As an established traditional remedy, HUF is primarily used to treat various pulmonary conditions, including pneumonia, asthma, and tuberculosis. Acute lung injury (ALI) …

M. Bradley Drummond, MD, MHS, will serve as the new Chief of the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine in the University of Pittsburg Department of Medicine, effective September 1, 2026. Dr. Drummond is currently a Professor of Medicine, Vice Chief of Outpatient Services, Medical Co-Director of the Pulmonary Specialty Clinics, and Director of the Obstructive Lung Disea…

BackgroundAcute lung injury (ALI) is a common acute inflammatory lung disease in critical clinical conditions, with a complex pathogenesis and limited available treatment options. Although the gut-lung axis has been identified as an emerging field of host-related microbiota in various chronic lung diseases, it remains unclear whether gut microbiota is associated with the development and progressi…

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Published online: 03 June 2026; doi:10.1038/d41573-026-00090-w Inhibiting lactate transport reduces lung fibrosis

BackgroundChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by a progressive deterioration of lung function, which occurs at its fastest rate in the early stages (GOLD I-II). Preliminary clinical investigation has suggested that Cordyceps militaris capsules can improve post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in mild-to-moderate COPD. However, previous studies were l…

Scientists have long known that smoking damages the lungs, but a new study has now shown in detail how smoking physically changes lung tissue itself. Researchers at University of California, Riverside have directly measured how smoking affects the mechanical behavior of human lungs. Their findings, published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface, reveal […] The post Scientists directly me…

A new study has provided some of the clearest evidence yet of how smoking physically damages human lungs. For the first time, scientists directly measured how smoking changes the mechanical behavior of real human lung tissue and found that smoking makes the lungs significantly stiffer, similar to the damage seen in fibrosis, a serious lung […] The post Smoking makes human lungs stiffer like scar …

BackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent, debilitating condition linked to significant morbidity and mortality. While glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have demonstrated clinical benefits for COPD, the effect of tirzepatide on COPD outcomes remains to be fully elucidated.MethodsThis study utilized the TriNetX Global Collaborative Network to analyze …

BackgroundAcute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are characterized by airflow limitation and marked airway/systemic inflammation, particularly in elderly patients.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between terbutaline sulfate plus ambroxol hydrochloride and clinical outcomes, pulmonary function, and inflammatory biomarkers in elderly patients with AECOPD.MethodsTh…

Qureight, an end-to-end imaging CRO that provides enterprise-grade imaging and precision endpoints for clinical trials with a focus on lung and heart disease, today announced it has established a Scientific Advisory Board (SAB) focused on pulmonary hypertension (PH).

BackgroundHyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (HALI) is a frequent and clinically relevant complication of oxygen therapy in critically ill patients. Excessive oxygen exposure induces severe oxidative stress and alveolar epithelial cell (AEC) injury, yet the upstream regulatory mechanisms governing regulated cell death under hyperoxic conditions remain incompletely understood. Ferroptosis, an iro…

ObjectiveGiven the high prevalence and clinical significance of insomnia in COPD patients, and the ongoing controversy surrounding benzodiazepine receptor positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) therapy, this study systematically evaluates the dual-temporal (short- and long-term) safety profile of PAMs through simultaneous assessment of therapeutic benefits and multidimensional risks in COPD-insomn…

A new study from researchers at National Jewish Health and collaborating institutions has found that different patterns seen on lung scans can signal how severe sarcoidosis may be, and how it affects breathing.

As people grow older, it is normal for the body to change in many ways. Muscles may become weaker, bones may lose strength, and the lungs may not work as well as they once did. However, new research suggests that obesity may add an extra burden on lung health in older adults, beyond what would […] The post Obesity decreases lung function in older people appeared first on Knowridge Science Report .

IntroductionAcute lung inflammation has recently gained increasing attention due to the high acute respiratory distress syndrome complications with subsequent fibrosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our group identified that the antifibrotic effect of the antidepressant fluvoxamine (FLU) in various organs is meditated via sigma-1 receptor (S1R) agonism. Since the actions of FLU on the inflammatory…

BackgroundsType 2 asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and remodeling, and circadian rhythm dysregulation is implicated in its pathogenesis. Melatonin, a key circadian hormone, modulates inflammatory signaling, but its role in type 2 airway inflammation remains unclear. This study investigated whether melatonin alleviates airway inflammation and epithelial-mesench…

Next step Choose the next useful decision step first. Use the guide or checklist that matches this page's intent before you ask for a manuscript-level diagnostic. Quick answer: Pulmonology covers a wide range of conditions and research types: asthma, COPD, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, lung cancer screening, respiratory infections, sleep medicine, and critical care. The journ…