Nature Immunology

Nature Immunology, Published online: 25 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02536-0 Waterfield and colleagues report the transcription factor RUNX1 expressed in mTECs profoundly influences the diversity of thymic mimetic cells that express tissue-specific antigens.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 25 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02532-4 An amino acid metabolic enzyme transforms bacterial lipoproteins into disulfide-linked lipid structures that activate the non-canonical inflammasome, redefining cytosolic innate immune sensing as a process shaped by host metabolic remodeling.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 25 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02522-6 mRNA-based vaccines saved millions of lives during the COVID-19 pandemic, but they require frequent boosting and periodic updates to match emerging virus strains. We demonstrate that fungal glycans can function as adjuvants for mRNA-based vaccines, expanding the durability and breath of protection against several vir…

Nature Immunology, Published online: 22 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02517-3 Jena, Qu et al. show that mannadjuvant, a formulation of fungal mannan and aluminum hydroxide, increases the magnitude, durability and breadth of the response elicited by mRNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice and non-human primates.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 22 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02528-0 Cancer cells utilize many strategies to suppress immune responses. Data now show that these measures include the secretion of branched-chain keto acids into the tumor microenvironment. These metabolites can be taken up by tumor-associated macrophages, in which they can shield NOTCH2 from degradation and thereby favor…

Nature Immunology, Published online: 22 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02523-5 Palma et al. discuss the current state of the field on early immune development in humans.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 21 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02527-1 A systematic comparison of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in mouse models and humans reveals that widely used models capture only a limited subset of the cellular diversity and cell type-specific gene expression observed in human TMEs. We present a resource that defines the conserved and divergent features, includi…

Nature Immunology, Published online: 21 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02513-7 Malignant ascites strongly inhibits T cell anti-tumor responses in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). Using an all-human high-throughput drug repurposing screen, we identified salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) as negative regulators of T cell function in ascites. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic…

Nature Immunology, Published online: 20 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02554-y Author Correction: The differentiation and function of heterogeneous thymic dendritic cell subsets require signals provided by distinct thymocyte cell types

Nature Immunology, Published online: 20 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02512-8 Dong, Ray et al. identify salt-inducible kinases (SIKs) as potential drivers of T cell dysfunction in the immunosuppressive microenvironment of ovarian cancer.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 19 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02530-6 Mucosal vaccination can raise the immunological readiness of the respiratory tract before pathogen exposure, potentially enabling protection beyond antigen-specific immunity.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 19 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02505-7 In this Resource paper, Krummel and colleagues provide analysis of 15 commonly used syngeneic mouse tumor models and compare these to the diversity of human tumor microenvironments.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 18 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02529-z O’Garra and colleagues discuss the evolving spectrum of M. tuberculosis infection outcomes and TB disease, how the host immune response determines and unfolds across this spectrum and how the natural diversity of M. tuberculosis contributes to this complexity.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 18 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02516-4 Kerndl and colleagues identify that arginase 1-expressing monocyte-derived cells mediate arginine catabolism and detrimental effects during experimental autoimmune encephalitis-triggered neuroinflammation.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 12 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02515-5 Tsai and colleagues propose that BET inhibitors can blunt T cell exhaustion via a pathway involving ornithine decarboxylase-dependent polyamine biosynthesis.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 12 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02514-6 Salmonella-invaded intestinal stem cells activate an inflammasome-driven differentiation program toward antimicrobial Paneth cells, revealing a protective stem cell defense mechanism that helps restrict pathogen spread.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 11 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02524-4 A newly identified subset of CD4+ T cells is distinguished by increased expression of EOMES and granzyme K. These ‘THK’ cells are found in diverse immunological contexts and shown to mediate intestinal immunopathology.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 07 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02534-2 Author Correction: Early methionine availability attenuates T cell exhaustion

Nature Immunology, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02519-1 Sex differences in Alzheimer’s

Nature Immunology, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02518-2 Whole mouse profiling