Nature Immunology

Nature Immunology, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02519-1 Sex differences in Alzheimer’s

Nature Immunology, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02518-2 Whole mouse profiling

Nature Immunology, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02520-8 Irisin supports ST2 + T reg cells

Nature Immunology, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02521-7 The mechanics of LPS recognition

Nature Immunology, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02511-9 Xia and colleagues show that CTH, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids, hydrolyzes cytoplasmic bacterial lipoproteins and triggers the formation of molecular structures that can activate caspase-11.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02506-6 Ghosh and colleagues examine the mechanism underlying the long-noncoding RNA lnc13-mediated regulation to gluten tolerance. The authors show lnc13 restrains CD8αβ+ inter-epithelial lymphocyte responsiveness to IL-15 signaling.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 29 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02510-w VSIG4 is a co-inhibitory receptor expressed by Kupffer cells. Here, the authors identify a direct binding interaction between VSIG4 and T cell CD5 that can calibrate CD8+ T cell responses to liver metastasis. They also design an anti-VSIG4 nanobody to enhance immune checkpoint blockade treatment of mice.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 24 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02509-3 Poholek and colleagues show that allergic alarmin-induced IL-9 increases expression of the transcriptional repressor Blimp-1 in ILC2 cells, sustaining their cellular identity and type 2 immune responses.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 24 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02502-w Wang, Afshari, Haddadi and colleagues compare UVB-sensitive and insensitive human skin diseases and show that photosensitive conditions, including cutaneous lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis, have increased type I interferon activity and an expanded MMP9⁺CD14⁺ myeloid population that drives inflammation.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 23 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02488-5 In this Review, the authors look at the function of astrocytes in immunotherapy and the immune response to glioblastoma and brain metastases.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 23 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02508-4 The plasma cell transcription factor BLIMP1 unexpectedly functions in germinal center B cells as a signaling-induced gatekeeper, restraining B cell receptor signaling and positive selection to limit clonal dominance. Acting as a molecular brake, BLIMP1 helps to maintain the balance between affinity maturation and a…

Nature Immunology, Published online: 21 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02525-3 Author Correction: Chemokine-defined macrophage niches establish spatial organization of tumor immunity

Nature Immunology, Published online: 20 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02501-x Wei and colleagues characterized the MHC class I immunopeptidome in mice and humans with lung fibrosis and identified immunogenic peptides specifically expressed in fibrosis-associated lung cell subsets that blocked the progression of fibrosis in mice treated with bleomycin.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 13 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02491-w Tajima et al. show that a transient or continuous high-fat diet induces metabolic changes in CD8+ T cells that lead to increased vulnerability to ferroptosis and reduced antitumor responses.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 14 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02484-9 Here the authors identify a tumor immunoevasion mechanism in which tumor cells release branched-chain amino acid metabolites that can bind and activate Notch on tumor-associated macrophages, reprogramming these cells to be immunosuppressive.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 20 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02495-6 Singh and colleagues identify a role for the transcription factor BLIMP1, encoded by Prdm1, in the regulation of germinal center responses. They show that BLIMP1 acts as a negative feedback regulator of B cell affinity maturation and clonal dominance.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 20 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02487-6 Pulmonary fibrosis is an incurable chronic, progressive disease characterized by the emergence of fibrosis-specific cells, including a subset of fibroblasts. Proof-of-concept experiments in mice now show that the immune system can be mobilized by vaccination to target these cells and limit the development of fibros…

Nature Immunology, Published online: 13 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02494-7 Chronic antigen exposure drives TOX expression in CD8+ T cells and is associated with an exhausted hypofunctional T cell state. By contrast, data now show that the function of TOX in CD4+ T cells defines the TH1 lineage and supports the effector function of these cells.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 13 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02493-8 Metabolic stress is associated with impaired immunity, yet underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Description of a xanthine-dependent antioxidant program that shields CD8+ T cells from ferroptosis reveals a metabolically actionable axis that control anti-tumor responses.

Nature Immunology, Published online: 21 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02490-x How reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to NLRP3 inflammasome activity has been debated. Findings now show that cofilin-1 binds and inhibits NLRP3 activation — an interaction that ROS can disrupt to enable inflammasome assembly.