Frontiers in Microbiology | New and Recent Articles

BackgroundThe effects of the gut microbiota on the regulation of host physiology have recently garnered considerable attention, particularly in metabolism and the immune system. However, the role of the gut microbiota in viral myocarditis (VMC) remains to be fully elucidated.MethodsBalb/c mice were injected with CVB3 to induce VMC. VMC mice were treated with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)…

IntroductionTo investigate the characteristics of oral microbiota in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and to evaluate its potential as a noninvasive candidate microbial signature associated with PSCI.MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 108 participants, including 40 PSCI patients, 40 post-stroke patients with normal cognition (PSNC), and 28 healthy controls (HC). Saliv…

To identify effective biocontrol bacteria antagonistic to tobacco brown spot disease, we isolated and screened bacterial strains from tobacco rhizospheric soil using dilution plating and plate confrontation methods, with Alternaria alternata as the indicator organism. The antimicrobial activity of fermentation broth was determined using the mycelial growth rate method. Strain identification invol…

Environmental detection of antimicrobial resistance has expanded rapidly, but many programs still treat detection of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) or resistant bacteria as the primary endpoint. As a result, outputs are often only weakly linked to antibiotic exposure conditions and remain difficult to compare, interpret, and use consistently for follow-up decisions. This review examines how d…

IntroductionSleep deprivation (SD) is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for metabolic and hepatic disorders, yet the temporal dynamics linking gut dysbiosis to liver injury remain poorly characterized.MethodsIn this study, we established a platform-based SD model in a total of 24 C57BL/6J mice (n = 4 per group per weekly time point) over 3 weeks and systematically investigated the weekly p…

Diarrheal diseases, such as yellow dysentery and white dysentery caused by pathogens or viruses, in newborn piglets lead to substantial economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is frequently observed in diarrheic piglets and is thought to play a role in disease pathogenesis, although causal relationships remain to be established. However, developing reliable micro…

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the sex-specific regulatory effects of empagliflozin on gut microbiota in male and female diabetic kidney disease (DKD) mice, and to elucidate the underlying renoprotective mechanisms.MethodsFour-week-old db/db mice and C57 mice were randomly assigned to six groups. Following 8 weeks of empagliflozin gavage, serum metabolic indices and urinary albumin-to-crea…

Amino acids (AAs) are essential for the growth, development, and health of pigs, yet their direct effects on the intestinal barrier and microbiota remain poorly understood in vivo, despite extensive in vitro studies on mucosal barrier integrity. While intestinal cell lines and organoids provide valuable insights, they cannot fully capture the complexity of the in vivo intestinal mucosa, where div…

PurposeThe global crisis of antimicrobial resistance has reached critical levels, with multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens threatening to render conventional antibiotics ineffective. This mini review synthesizes recent evidence from 2020 to 2026 on bacteriophage therapy against MDR bacteria, examining clinical applications, engineering advances, mechanistic insights, and emerging techn…

The etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in Prostate cancer (PCa) remains unresolved due to stark contradictions between observational associations and molecular detection studies. Traditional models attempting to define HPV as an independent driver of PCa struggle to reconcile these contradictions. This review aims to critically evaluate the conflicting evidence and propose a new frame…

Endometriosis (EMs) is a prevalent, estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder characterized by the ectopic implantation and proliferation of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, affecting approximately 10% of reproductive-aged women globally. Despite its high incidence, the exact pathogenesis of EMs remains incompletely elucidated, and current clinical treatments are often limited …

Human milk is a complex and dynamic biological fluid that provides essential nutrients and harbors a diverse, functional microbiota, playing a critical role in infant microbial colonization and early life development. The milk microbiota is derived from multiple maternal and environmental sources, including the maternal gut via the entero-mammary pathway, the mammary and skin microbiota, infant o…

IntroductionThe Yunnan pony is an officially protected pony breed in China. However, its gut microbiome characteristics remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to compare the gut microbiome and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) profiles between Yunnan ponies and Dutch warmblood horses.MethodologyA total of 14 fresh fecal samples were collected from Yunnan ponies and Dutch warmblood horses. M…

IntroductionViruses in water bodies pose potential threats to human health and ecological environments. Therefore, exploring viral diversity in human-associated lakes and domestic wastewater is crucial.MethodsIn this study, we performed comparative viromic analysis of lake and domestic wastewater samples collected from the same water system in Wenzhou, China.ResultsA total of 13,708,121 sequencin…

Homeostasis across diverse ecosystems, ranging from human hosts to environmental matrices, is profoundly governed by microbial communities. Dysbiosis, the disruption of this microbial equilibrium, leads to significant adverse outcomes in medicine, agriculture, aquaculture, and environmental health. This review synthesizes current knowledge on microbial transfusions, defined as the deliberate tran…

Calcium ions (Ca2+) are known to enhance biofilm structural integrity in many bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, by cross-linking exopolysaccharides. Still, their role in the soil bacterium P. putida remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the dose-dependent effects of calcium chloride on P. putida KT2442 biofilm architecture, matrix properties, nanomechanics, and global gene e…

Vegetation restoration in semi-arid sandy ecosystems can alter soil sulfur cycling not only through changes in sulfur stocks, but also through shifts in the partitioning between organic sulfur and sulfate and their microbial regulation. Here, we investigated soil sulfur pool allocation and sulfur-cycling functional potential along a five-stage vegetation restoration gradient in the Mu Us Sandy La…

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is commonly framed as a consequence of mutation and selection, yet this perspective does not fully explain the speed and scale of global resistance dissemination. Here, we argue that AMR is better understood as an amplification problem, in which horizontal gene transfer particularly conjugation governs the spread of resistance genes across bacterial populations and …

IntroductionAlthough plantmicrobe systems have been studied for singlemetal contamination, little is known about their synergistic mechanisms under CdNi costress. Current studies often lack mechanistic explanations of microbial immobilization and plant physiological regulation, which this study aims to address.MethodsTo explore the remediation effect and intrinsic mechanism of the plant-microbe c…