developmental-biology

A new study from CHOP challenges the assumption that infant C. difficile colonization is harmless, finding that it can reshape the developing gut and immune system with potentially lasting health effects. The post <i>C. difficile</i> Have Lasting Effects on the Infant Gut, Challenging Long-Held Assumption appeared first on GEN - Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News .

[Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &#038; Hepatology] The authors summarize the latest advances and current knowledge gaps from within the Intestinal Stem Cell Consortium working group and across the field as a whole to understand the intestinal stemm cell niche, stem cell interactions with and in response to pathogens, and cellular and humoral regenerative strategies.

How is it possible that cnidarians evolved so many different ways to acomplish the same thing? Unipolar and multipolar ingression, invagination, delamination, epiboly… All the paths lead to ‘planula’ – a torpedo bilayered swiming larva.The term is ‘equifinal development’ and it concerns interspecific and also intraespecific variations, which are quite common among cnidarians and sponges. [...] Th…

Sea sponges are some of the world’s simplest animals – but even so, the rhythm of night and day kicks off a crucial stage of their life cycle.

In two new studies, UCLA researchers used lab-grown brain organoids, donated human tissue and fused "assembloids" to investigate how radial glia -- the stem cells that build the human cerebral cortex -- decide which types of brain cells to make.

In two new studies, UCLA researchers used lab-grown brain organoids, donated human tissue and fused "assembloids" to investigate how radial glia -- the stem cells that build the human cerebral cortex -- decide which types of brain cells to make.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental psychiatric disorder associated with a complex interplay of genetic and environmental risk factors. In a previous study, we found embryonic dorsal forebrain loss in male mice of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (Fgfr2), which has a critical role in normal brain development, results in ADHD-relevant phenotypes: increased locomot…

How the developing human brain takes instructions: Two UCLA studies reveal what guides its most important stem cells University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Health Sciences In two new studies, UCLA researchers used lab-grown brain organoids, donated human tissue and fused "assembloids" to investigate how radial glia — the stem cells that build the human cerebral cortex — decide which types …

Scientists have long wondered how cells that are organized into sheets begin to move together to form organs, especially when the sheets form closed, sphere-like surfaces and tissues with no edges to direct motion.

When you add drops of oil to water, the oil and water remain separate. Within cells, biological molecules cluster together in a similar way, separating themselves from the rest of the cell. And while they don't have a membrane, they are their own distinct compartments.

Historically, cerebral palsy (CP) was linked largely to events at birth, including prematurity or temporary loss of oxygen to the brain, but research over the past decade has suggested that genetic factors contribute to CP in many children.

For children born with cleft lip and palate, repairing gaps in the jawbone often means waiting until they are 10 to 12 years old before undergoing invasive bone graft surgery.

Researchers created 3D epigenomic analyses of four key glial cell types—including outer RG and microglia—to reveal how these “maps” guide human brain development.

An active childhood may train the growing body to make movement less demanding for life. A Penn State-led experiment found that birds raised while carrying extra weight became remarkably economical walkers. Once mature, they could transport the added load without using more energy than ordinary birds needed to walk unburdened. The findings offer rare direct [...]