Nature Reviews Neuroscience

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 01 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01042-4 Recent advances in large-scale electrophysiology now enable researchers to record from thousands of neurons distributed across the brain. Siegle and Steinmetz describe the principles underlying this technology and outline the key considerations, challenges and opportunities associated with collecting, analy…

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 30 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01046-0 Lung diseases drive substantial hospitalization, but available therapies remain limited. In this Review, Talbot and colleagues highlight pulmonary neuroimmunology — the bidirectional crosstalk between lung-innervating neurons and immune cells — and discuss how this axis may open new avenues for disease-mo…

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 27 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01048-y In this Journal Club, Baolin Guo highlights a 2011 study that linked altered excitation–inhibition balance in prefrontal circuits to social dysfunction in mice.

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 26 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01032-6 Astrocytic Ca2+ signalling is a fundamental and highly spatiotemporally nuanced mechanism for maintaining brain homeostasis. In this Review, Bacskai and colleagues discuss how astrocytic Ca2+ homeostasis is altered in ageing and neurodegenerative diseases and plays a central role in neurodegenerative path…

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 13 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01036-2 Categorization, the grouping of objects, living organisms, actions or events into equivalence clusters, is fundamental to adaptive behaviour. In this Perspective, Barrett and Miller discuss evidence that, rather that being the end stage of perception, categorization occurs throughout signal processing and…

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 02 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01041-5 Musical neurodynamics and the ‘inner voice’

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 02 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01039-z Reply to ‘Musical neurodynamics and the ‘inner voice’’

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 27 March 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01040-6 Single-nucleus sequencing reveals age- and disease-related changes in the molecular regulation of neurogenesis associated with cognitive decline and resilience.

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 15 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01044-2 In this Tools of the Trade article, Hao Li describes the development of a mesoscale optogenetics platform for targeted and precise stimulation of the primate cortex.

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 07 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01043-3 Perturbing female Drosophila behaviour during courtship induces adaptive changes in innate male fly courtship song patterns; these changes are initially retained in subsequent courtship encounters with normal female behaviour, but songs gradually return to innate patterns.

Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Published online: 02 April 2026; doi:10.1038/s41583-026-01038-0 Despite rapid exploitation of the opportunities that contextualization of brain maps affords, potential limitations have received little attention. In this Roadmap, Royer et al. provide practical guidelines operating at the level of study design, analysis pipelines and interpretation of findings to encour…