neuropharmacology

The vagus nerve connects the brain to major organs throughout the body and plays important roles in many bodily functions.

Nature, Published online: 25 May 2026; doi:10.1038/d41586-026-01619-0 Neuroscience needs to stop treating the brain as if it is a computer.

Human cognition has historically functioned as the implicit reference point for intelligence, reasoning and representation. This paper argues that representation itself is architecture-dependent rather than uniquely human. Human cognition, natural language, mathematics, animal perception and artificial intelligence each preserve different structural aspects of reality while introducing different …

Kaempferia galanga is an important medicinal and economic herb of the Zingiberaceae family with significant potential for healthcare applications in Vietnam. This review was the first comprehensive synthesis focusing specifically on Vietnamese evidence regarding the botanical characteristics, cultivation practices, genetic resources, phytochemical composition, pharmacological activities, and trad…

Pharmacogenomics is not utilized to its fullest capacity in clinical settings. The field is not expounded on by clinicians. Its lack of integration is a missed opportunity to improve patient outcomes. This gap is also evident in immunotherapy. There is no standardized pre-treatment screening protocol to identify which patients are most vulnerable before the first dose is administered. This is a s…

Accurate identification of wild mushrooms remains a persistent challenge due to the high morphological similarity between edible and toxic species. Traditional manual methods are labor-intensive, subjective, and error-prone, while existing computational approaches often prioritize algorithmic performance over practical, user-friendly solutions. This study presents an integrated intelligent recogn…

Abstract Background Pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing holds promise for personalized psychiatry, but its clinical utility in real-world inpatient settings remains inadequately established. Using real-world data, this study investigated whether PGx testing is associated with improved treatment outcomes in hospitalized patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar diso…

A team of researchers at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have unveiled new details about the events GLP-1 receptor agonists trigger within neurons, which have been largely unexplored until now.

IntroductionAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor neuron disease that leads to severe motor impairment, including loss of communication ability, and ultimately death. Communication brain computer interfaces (cBCIs) have the potential to restore communication without reliance on motor function, thereby improving quality of life, independence, and palliative care. However, stan…

Scientific Reports, Published online: 22 May 2026; doi:10.1038/s41598-026-54123-w Neural network modelling of proton RBE values at predominant survival fractions of in vitro data

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of neuromuscular exercise among health care workers with multisite pain. Methods: This secondary analysis examined a randomized controlled trial comparing exercisers (n=110) and non-exercisers (n=109) among female health care workers aged 30–55 years with low back pain. The exercise group trained twice weekly for 6 months. Multisite pain was defined as pa…

_Sitting with a Madmind_. forthcomingFour converging neuroscience and clinical literatures describe addiction from different vantages: environmental modulation of addictive attractors (Alexander et al., 1978, and the conceptual replication literature that followed); prefrontal cortex dysfunction with measurable deficits in self-awareness and response inhibition (Goldstein & Volkow, 2011); the gra…

GLP-1 receptor agonists, already used for Type 2 diabetes and obesity, show promise in reducing alcohol and drug-seeking behaviors through central reward and dopamine-related pathways. Most evidence remains preclinical, with limited early human data, so larger clinical trials are needed before these drugs can be recommended for addiction treatment.