Frontiers in Reproductive Health | New and Recent Articles

BackgroundEndometriosis is a common gynecologic condition in which pelvic MRI plays an important role in diagnosis and preoperative assessment. AI-enabled automated uterus segmentation on pelvic MRI could support endometriosis care by enabling standardized volumetric measurements and quantitative imaging analyses. However, developing robust AI models for this task is challenging because endometri…

IntroductionThis study compared the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic cervical cerclage (LAC) and transvaginal cervical cerclage (TVC) in treating cervical insufficiency (CI) patients after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis for intrauterine adhesions (IUA).MethodsA total of 170 eligible patients (66 in the LAC group, 104 in the TVC group) admitted from Jan 2018 to Jan 2024 were retrospectively analyzed,…

IntroductionAs in much of sub-Saharan Africa, adolescent boys constitute a large and increasing share of Ethiopia's population. Masculinity norms, social, and structural factors intertwine to negatively impact boys' and men's health. What, where, and how boys learn about body changes during early adolescence is an important foundation for health over the life course. However, little evidence exis…

BackgroundAbortion laws are widely debated, yet little is known about how abortion knowledge relates to reproductive autonomy among university students. This study assessed Austrian students' abortion knowledge, attitudes, and reproductive autonomy, and examined factors associated with liberal vs. conservative positions.MethodsA cross-sectional online survey was conducted in 2023 among students i…

BackgroundFertility intentions in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) are shaped by complex interactions between biological and psychosocial factors. However, predictive tools that integrate these dimensions remain underdeveloped.ObjectiveThis study aimed to construct and validate interpretable machine learning (ML) models to predict fertility intentions among reproductive-age patients with CD, an…

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between prophylactic antibiotic regimen (cefazolin alone vs. cefazolin plus metronidazole) and the occurrence of surgical site infections (SSIs), as well as infection severity and management, in patients undergoing hysterectomy for benign disease.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care center, including women undergoing hysterectom…

IntroductionUniversal access to family planning is critical to reducing maternal mortality, yet progress remains slow, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Nigeria, modern contraceptive use is 12%, compared to a global average of 77.5%. This study, therefore assessed contraceptive use patterns, barriers, and motivations among pregnant women to inform the design of context-specific interventions…

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) affects 1%–5% of reproductive-age couples, and nearly 50% of cases remain unexplained. This review summarizes recent evidence to elucidate the association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and RSA. We confirm that RSA patients exhibit decreased alpha diversity, reduced levels of Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium, and elevated Proteobacteria and …

IntroductionIn oocyte growth and development, metabolic reprogramming serves as a core process by which cells adjust their metabolic patterns—including glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism—to adapt to developmental cues, differentiation, and environmental stress. This reprogramming is essential for maintaining energy homeostasis and supporting biosynthesis. A synergisti…

IntroductionHypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States (US), yet national trends across demographic groups are not well characterized.MethodsThis population-based retrospective study analyzed HDP-related maternal mortality from 1999 to 2023 using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wide-Ranging Online Data for…

Introduction and aimsFertility preservation refers to the cryopreservation of gametes, embryos, or gonadal tissue before age, disease, or medical treatment affects reproductive capacity. Fertility preservation techniques were originally developed for cancer patients. Over time, more population groups have been interested in using these technologies—such as endometriosis patients, transgender indi…

This narrative review explores contemporary therapeutic options and critically assesses surgical results and in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) outcomes in women affected by endometriosis, deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) and/or adenomyosis. A literature search was conducted in PubMed for English-language publications up to September 2025. Out of 350 screened …

ObjectiveTo examine the influence of Gestational Weight Gain on adverse pregnancy outcomes in twin pregnant women with different pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index Categories and provide more basis for prenatal guidance and monitoring of twins.MethodsTwin pregnant women with gestation age ≥ 28 weeks who had gave birth from 2022 to 2023 were considered as research subjects. Information on mothers and n…

ObjectivesGrowing evidence, such as Long COVID, suggests that the interaction and underlying mechanism between SARS-CoV-2 and human cells, especially the long-term effect on the reproductive system, remain poorly understood, which should raise high public health concern. This study aimed to enhance understanding of the scientific development status in this field of the viral infection and the hum…

IntroductionFemale education is widely recognized as an important factor associated with fertility decline, yet fertility transitions in sub-Saharan Africa remain uneven. This study examines whether household wealth is associated with the timing of first birth among women who have already attained higher education.MethodsThe analysis uses recent Demographic and Health Surveys from thirty-four cou…

BackgroundIn the context of the progress made in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment initiatives, the awareness of HIV/AIDS among Chinese adolescents has been on a steady upward trend. Nevertheless, the number of new HIV infections among college students keeps rising. In recent years, over 95% of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases reported in China have been transmitted via sexual contact. In 2024, 100…

In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), sexual violence is systematically employed as a weapon of war, precipitating a profound reproductive health crisis. Current clinical protocols prioritize intervention within a 72-hour window; however, pervasive insecurity, displacement, and geographic barriers frequently prevent survivors from accessing care within this timeframe. This broken link in the…

BackgroundTeenage pregnancy is a major public health concern that contributes to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low–income countries. In Somalia, evidence on the prevalence and determinants of teenage pregnancy is limited to a few studies. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of teenage pregnancy among teenagers aged 15–19 years and the factors associated with…

BackgroundInterruptions in treatment due to non-adherence or defaulting may compromise sustained immunological recovery among HIV patients who achieved viral suppression after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. This study identified determinants of time to HIV-related mortality, ART defaulting, and adherence among PLWH who achieved CD4 count recovery.MethodsA retrospective cohort study anal…

ObjectiveTo analyze the distribution of risk severity and the influencing factors of pregnancy outcomes among high-risk pregnant women in Changde City, Hunan Province, China.MethodsA total of 19,301 pregnant women from the jurisdiction of Changde City over the past year (July 2022 to July 2023) were selected as observational subjects. Their demographic information (including age, education level,…