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Abstract The widespread incorporation of high-penetration PV systems into contemporary distribution networks significantly compromises the reliability of traditional, statically-configured overcurrent and overvoltage protection mechanisms. The transition to bidirectional and highly variable power flows, prompted by decarbonization initiatives, results in ongoing issues such as protection blinding…

In the context of in-vitro testing of implantable medical devices, multi-layered body phantom development poses significant challenges in terms of complexity, cost and possible formation of unwarranted air gaps between two layers or mixing chemicals of two layers while one layer is placed on other layer in hot semi-solid form. Therefore, it is recommended to use its equivalent homogeneous phantom…

The surge of digital infrastructures demands robust and efficient image encryption schemes to ensure privacy and security. This paper presents a lightweight image encryption scheme that integrates the Walsh Hadamard Transform (WHT) with chaos-driven confusion diffusion for grayscale and RGB images. The novelty lies in performing binary chaotic masking directly in the WHT domain, coupled with an e…

The current research investigates a novel double perovskite halide absorber K2NiCl6 regarding its structural stability as well as electronic and optical properties using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. According to the band structure, the direct band gap of K2NiCl6 is 1.179 eV. Using SCAPS-1D simulator, the emphasized configuration, ITO/IGZO/K2NiCl6/MoTe2/Pt, is also investigated. H…

The performance of a 3 kW grid-connected photovoltaic system installed at Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (27.21° N, 77.99° E) was simulated using PVsyst to evaluate the influence of module tilt angle on energy yield and system losses. Simulation results show that tilt angles between 25°–35° produce maximum annual irradiance, with a peak global incident irradiance of approximately 2025 kWh …

Abstract In remote desert regions, where traditional energy infrastructure is often unreliable, sustainable energy solutions are crucial for meeting the power demands of electric vehicles (EVs). This study presents an integrated DC microgrid system powered by solar and wind energy to support EV charging in desert environments. The proposed microgrid uses 35 kW of solar power and 25 kW from a wind…

Automatic Generation Control (AGC), also known as Load Frequency Control (LFC), operates continuously in modern power systems to maintain power balance among interconnected areas and regulate tie-line power flows. Since electrical energy cannot be stored in large quantities, power generation must match consumption at every instant. This real-time balance is essential for reliable power system man…

Machine learning (ML) has revolutionized various domains, but its adoption raises significant privacy and security concerns. Threats such as adversarial attacks, data poisoning, model inversion, and membership inference jeopardize the confidentiality and integrity of ML models. Traditional cryptographic approaches, while effective, often introduce high computational overhead, making them impracti…

Photovoltaic devices employed in extra-terrestrial environments encounter high-energy particles and ionizing radiation that compromise their stability, intensifying lattice defects. This study presents a theoretical investigation into the radiation durability of perovskite based solar cells for prospective use in space missions. We simulated the structural damage caused by proton exposure on trip…

Metal-oxide-based heterojunction solar cells have received burgeoning research interests owing to the prospect of high efficiency, low cost, and environmental benignity. Of all the systems, ZnO heterojunctions with either NiO or CuO have received much interest for next generation photovoltaic devices. This review summarizes the material properties, fabrication methods, interface characteristics, …

Cesium-doped mixed halide perovskites show unique potential in radiation-prone environments because their response to gamma rays is not purely destructive. At lower doses (< 10 kGy), radiation can passivate defects, improving optoelectronic properties, with irreversible damage like halide segregation only dominating at very high doses (> 21 kGy). Critically, cesium doping strengthens the perovski…

Water pumping applications typically consume significant amounts of fuel, electricity, and other conventional resources. Photovoltaic (PV) technology offers a sustainable and promising alternative by delivering equivalent operational outcomes without depleting traditional energy sources. PV-based systems are particularly well suited for applications requiring moderate and intermittent water pumpi…

Accurate positioning and timing services are critically dependent on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS); however, their performance is often degraded by ionospheric delay. This study evaluates the impact of ionospheric delay on GNSS positioning accuracy over Ogbomoso, Nigeria (≈ 8.1° N, 4.2° E), using one year of GNSS observations data recorded at 4 Hz with a u-blox ZED-F9P receiver. The …

This study employs density functional theory (DFT) to explore how halide composition and cesium doping influence the electronic and optical properties of mixed-halide perovskites Cs0.15FA0.85Pb(X, X’)3. The computed band gaps follow the halide electronegativity trend: Cl > Br> I resulting in values 1.637 eV, 1.449 eV, and 0.883 eV respectively. These trends remain reliable despite the well-known …

This article presents the design and construction of a smart battery charger that ensures efficient, safe, and reliable charging of a 12 V lead-acid battery. The aim is to design and implement a smart charger with adaptive charging algorithms, on-site/ real-time monitoring, and IoT-based remote monitoring. The system used an ESP32 microcontroller to detect battery voltage, adjust charging current…

Aluminene nanoribbons (Al NRs) are introduced as a new class of metallic low-dimensional systems with potential applications in nanoscale interconnects and contact engineering. Using first-principles calculations, we systematically examine their electronic structure, edge passivation effects, and tunability under strain. Both armchair NRs (ANRs) and zigzag NRs (ZNRs) retain metallicity irrespecti…

Gas sensors are essential in environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and healthcare by enabling the detection of hazardous and flammable gases at trace levels. Conventional sensing approaches, including electrochemical, optical, catalytic, and thermal methods, though effective, suffer from limitations such as short operational life, high cost, poor selectivity, and bulkiness. This research i…

With an increasingly aging population prone to chronic conditions, coupled with an insufficient number of healthcare professionals, further aggravated by the shortage of medical facilities, telemedicine in general and telecare in particular have become unavoidable. However, a major challenge when dealing with remote healthcare is securing patient medical information. In this paper, we have design…