Automatic generation control and load frequency control with renewable energy integration in power system using digital deadbeat controller

Automatic Generation Control (AGC), also known as Load Frequency Control (LFC), operates continuously in modern power systems to maintain power balance among interconnected areas and regulate tie-line power flows. Since electrical energy cannot be stored in large quantities, power generation must match consumption at every instant. This real-time balance is essential for reliable power system management, particularly with the growing integration of renewable energy sources. A typical LFC model i