Image encryption technique using walsh transform and chaotic systems

The surge of digital infrastructures demands robust and efficient image encryption schemes to ensure privacy and security. This paper presents a lightweight image encryption scheme that integrates the Walsh Hadamard Transform (WHT) with chaos-driven confusion diffusion for grayscale and RGB images. The novelty lies in performing binary chaotic masking directly in the WHT domain, coupled with an explicitly defined composite key space from logistic and tent maps with optional Arnold iterations, wh