Automated control integration of solar and wind energy for sustainable DC microgrid deployment in desert environments for EV charging

Abstract In remote desert regions, where traditional energy infrastructure is often unreliable, sustainable energy solutions are crucial for meeting the power demands of electric vehicles (EVs). This study presents an integrated DC microgrid system powered by solar and wind energy to support EV charging in desert environments. The proposed microgrid uses 35 kW of solar power and 25 kW from a wind turbine, providing a combined capacity of 60 kW. The system employs the Perturb and Observe (P&O