Estimation of complex permittivity of human body using transmission matrix method and FEM solver

In the context of in-vitro testing of implantable medical devices, multi-layered body phantom development poses significant challenges in terms of complexity, cost and possible formation of unwarranted air gaps between two layers or mixing chemicals of two layers while one layer is placed on other layer in hot semi-solid form. Therefore, it is recommended to use its equivalent homogeneous phantom with same dielectric properties. In this article, equivalent complex permittivity of three-layer hum