Nature Communications, Published online: 04 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41467-026-76302-z Metabolic shifts govern microglial plasticity during neuroinflammation. Here, the authors show that lactate ameliorates autoimmune encephalomyelitis by driving microglial H4K12 lactylation, a neuroprotective state restricted by HDAC1.
A Lactate–H4K12la–HDAC1 epigenetic axis governs microglial state transitions during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in female mice
Yinan Zhao