Frontiers in Energy Research | New and Recent Articles

Global energy demand and climate concerns are accelerating the adoption of marine renewable resources, with offshore wind, wave, and solar technologies emerging as key solutions. Hybrid offshore platforms that integrate floating photovoltaic (FPV), wind, and wave systems offer the potential for higher energy yields and greater resource complementarity than standalone installations. This study aim…

The escalating penetration of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation exacerbates the conflict between capacity planning and operational safety, primarily due to source-side stochasticity and grid-side fragility. As a pivotal quantitative benchmark for grid planning and operation, hosting capacity determines the maximum permissible PV integration level that safeguards system reliability against …

Port trade is a core component of the global trade system, with approximately 80% of the volume and 70% of the value of global trade goods being transported via maritime shipping. LNG serves as both a pillar of current energy security and a practical choice for low-carbon transition, while profoundly influencing the global economic and political landscape. The import and supply of LNG involve com…

IntroductionMaximization of photovoltaic energy extraction in solar-powered electric vehicles (EVs) has become a key priority for improving system efficiency and autonomy.MethodsThis paper presents an Improved Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (ITSA)-based MPPT strategy interfaced with an Enhanced Cascaded Converter (ECC) for Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) drives. The proposed ITSA integrates Lévy flight…

Against the backdrop of the accelerated construction of new electricity systems and the continuous increase in the proportion of power electronicization, urban power grid harmonics exhibit characteristics such as multi-source, time-varying, and wide-area propagation. A large amount of semi-structured and unstructured data (ledgers, governance records, waveforms, images, etc.) has been accumulated…

This research work presents a new energy management framework for Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs), combining a Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) with a High-Gain Non-Isolated DC-DC Converter and a bio-inspired Walrus Optimization Algorithm for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). The proposed system addresses challenges in dynamic energy coordination, fuel cell efficiency, and transient load response…

Electromagnetic devices serve as indispensable components across diverse engineering sectors. As critical electromagnetic equipment for offshore wind power delivery, high-voltage direct current (HVDC) submarine cables demand precise dynamic current-carrying capacity evaluation to ensure operational safety and transmission efficiency. This paper presents a transient thermal circuit model developed…

Maritime transport is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide, creating an urgent need for cleaner and more efficient propulsion technologies. Conventional marine diesel engines remain the dominant power source but produce significant amounts of CO2, NOx, and SOx. This paper addresses the challenge of achieving stable and low-emission marine power generation. The main obj…

With the increase in extreme weather events, icing disasters pose a significant threat to the safe and stable operation of distribution lines. In this study, a finite element model for stress analysis of iced conductors is established, and the dynamic stress characteristics of three types iced conductors under fluctuating wind conditions are analyzed, with particular attention given to the effect…

With the increasing penetration of distributed renewable generation and flexible loads, topology adjustment has been used as a proactive risk-mitigation measure. However, loop-closing operations can readily lead to steady-state overloads and bus-voltage limit violations. To address these issues, an active distribution network reconfiguration method is proposed that accounts for security requireme…

Although new energy storage components are developing rapidly, research regarding the life-cycle economic assessment of their configuration and application in auxiliary power systems remains insufficient. To address this, a life-cycle economic evaluation method for new energy storage components in auxiliary power systems, considering stepped impact loads, is proposed. Firstly, a dynamic capacity …

Power transformers are pivotal assets in power systems, and accurate prediction of their remaining useful life (RUL) is essential for ensuring safe and stable grid operation. Conventional approaches, including physics based Arrhenius models and data driven machine learning methods, each face inherent limitations. To overcome these chal-lenges, this paper proposes an enhanced physics-informed neur…

Large-scale development and accurate resource assessment of offshore wave energy are crucial for advancing the application of marine renewable energy. To achieve efficient operation of wave energy conversion systems and comprehensive optimization of resource utilization benefits, this paper integrates maximum power point tracking technology with a holistic wave energy evaluation and planning meth…

Urban building energy modelling is increasingly used to support carbon-neutral planning. However, bottom-up methods rely heavily on administrative building data that were not designed for analytical reuse. This study examines how structural data quality issues in digital building logbooks affect large-scale physics-based modelling and how these possible limitations can be mitigated. Using the Est…

The operating lifetime of Ni-YSZ fuel electrodes used in solid oxide electrolysis cells and fuel cells (SOECs and SOFCs) is limited by Ni redistribution, one of the primary degradation mechanisms that must be overcome to extend the longevity and maximize the performance of SOECs and SOFCs. To achieve this, 3D microstructural data is needed to relate both initial performance and performance loss o…

Online and distributed monitoring of moisture in the solid insulation of converter transformers remains a challenging task. To address this issue, a digital twin framework integrating virtual sensing and mixed reality (MR) is developed. Electro-thermal coupling experiments are conducted to examine the role of direct current (DC) electric fields, showing that they not only suppress moisture diffus…

Hydrogen production is critical both for energy transition ambitions and for the existing petrochemical industry. This study evaluates county-level biohydrogen production potential across the contiguous United States (U.S.) by integrating biomass resource availability from the Billion-Ton 2023 (BT23) study with location data on natural gas pipeline infrastructure and refinery hydrogen demand. A m…

IntroductionGiven the high penetration of wind power integration, distribution network reconfiguration has become an important measure for mitigating wind curtailment and load loss.MethodsTo address the challenges of multi-objective, nonconvex, and high-dimensional discrete optimization in existing methods, this study proposes a bi-level interactive optimization reconfiguration model based on top…