IntroductionTo investigate the characteristics of oral microbiota in patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and to evaluate its potential as a noninvasive candidate microbial signature associated with PSCI.MethodsThis cross-sectional study enrolled 108 participants, including 40 PSCI patients, 40 post-stroke patients with normal cognition (PSNC), and 28 healthy controls (HC). Saliva samples were collected for 16S rRNA sequencing. Diversity analyses, differential taxa identificatio