The human brain is widely considered to be the most complex object in the universe, making the race to identify, diagnose, and treat neurodegenerative diseases crucial. In the 1990s, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was diagnosed using cognitive tests and brain imaging, often requiring a post-mortem autopsy for a definitive diagnosis. Treatments focused on managing symptoms rather than targeting the cause, and the lack of understanding meant that it was often too late to intervene and stop it from...