Nature Geoscience, Published online: 03 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41561-026-02054-6 Eukaryotic microorganisms within a subglacial brine-fed system in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are largely of marine origin, a legacy of past incursions of seawater into the area, according to RNA sequencing and metatranscriptomic analyses.