Precision intervention based on infection site: strategies and advances of magnetic nanomaterials in bacterial therapy
Yicun Wang
Bacterial infections, especially those involving drug-resistant pathogens and biofilms, pose a severe global health threat. Conventional antibiotic therapies are limited by poor penetration, low specificity, and bacterial resistance mechanisms. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) offer a promising alternative by combining magnetically guided targeting, magnetothermal/photothermal effects, multifunctional drug delivery, and imaging capabilities. Their antibacterial efficacy depends critically on the an