EV-associated non-coding RNAs in paediatric asthma airway remodelling: current mechanistic evidence and therapeutic perspectives

Paediatric asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that can cause airway swelling, excessive mucus secretion, and increased smooth muscle tone, leading to airway narrowing and respiratory distress. Airway remodelling involves a series of pathophysiological alterations, including airway epithelial injury, proliferation of mucous glands and goblet cells, subepithelial fibrosis, proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells, and airway epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These co