relativity

By Faraday's law, a changing magnetic flux through a loop produces electromotive force $\varepsilon=-\frac{\mathrm{d}\Phi}{\mathrm{d}t}$ . Suppose there is a rectangular loop in XY plane with Ohmic resistance $R$ and dimensions $a \times b$ moving at speed $v$ relative to an observer, in $x$ direction, in a uniform magnetic field $\vec{B}=b\vec{\hat{z}}$ . Magnetic flux through the a loop changes…

For a body starting from origin $(0,0,0)$ at time $t=0$ , and moving with a linear velocity $\vec{v}=v_x\hat{i}+v_y\hat{j}+v_z\hat{k}$ , after time $t$ , it reaches at $(v_x,v_y,v_z)$ . We know that it can reach same position even if the displacements were made along each axes ( one from $\{v_x\hat{i}, v_y\hat{j}, v_z\hat{k}\}$ ) at a time, in any order. But for rotations, orientation of the body…

The Autocremation Paradox (ACP) is a thought experiment designed to close the redundancy problem of the bootstrap paradox. Where standard loops persist an unchanged object or a piece of information without origin, the ACP lets the thermodynamic remainder of an event—the ashes of a cremation—function as the material cause (propellant) of that same event. The resulting State-Change Identity makes t…

Heisenberg said extreme magnetism would make nothingness bend light. A dead star just proved he was right.

On the global structure and spacetime topology of Kerr-Newman-Reissner-Nordström spacetimes (and making explicit their 2-sphere topology): Brandon Carter: Global Structure of the Kerr Family of Gravitational Fields, Phys. Rev. 174 (1968) 1559 [doi:10.1103/PhysRev.174.1559] (including observation that the gyromagnetic ratio of the Kerr-Newman black hole is 2, just as the for electron cf. at anomal…

The Focusing Theorem from General Relatativity states that if the Strong energy condition is satisfied ( $R_{\alpha\beta}u^\alpha u^\beta\ge 0$ ), then the expansion parameter $\theta$ of a congruence of timelike geodesics (which, roughly, gives the fractional rate of change of volume of the local fluid ensemble around a refernce fluid particle) that is hypersurface orthogonal has a negative rate…

Directly visualising the inherent uncertainty within empty space has long remained an elusive goal. Now, images from a Bose, Einstein condensate reveal spatial patterns arising from quantum vacuum fluctuations, a feat previously limited to observing their indirect effects via electromagnetic sampling. This system uniquely emulates a massive relativistic sine-Gordon field, enabling laboratory stud…

In the initial kinematics of Special Relativity the rod clocks are synchronized to the stationary system clocks, then Einstein sends a light from A to B and back to A that shows TAB≠TBA How does he then justify claiming the clocks are not synchronized instead of the time of flight of light in the rod frame is not the same from A to B as it is from B to A?

What is the ontological status of space? Substantivalism treats space as fundamental; relationism grounds it in relations among entities; emergent spacetime approaches suggest it may arise from non-spatiotemporal structures. Yet a deeper question remains: if a fundamental structure is not spatial, what kind of organization can generate spatiality? This paper develops an ontological account in whi…

Only conscious observers can experience the unfolding of events moment by moment. Establishing a reference zero point requires privileging an actual present moment, something that inanimate matter within the four-dimensional continuum is, in principle, incapable of doing. Because an inanimate object merely forms a static worldline with no preference for any particular spacetime point, the true or…

Quantum mechanics and Einstein's general relativity explain how the Universe works at the tiniest and...

Physicists have proven a 100-year-old prediction of relativity by showing that Einstein's equivalence principle holds at quantum scales.

Conflicting calculations previously predicted whether motion should generate viscous force on massive objects with charged internal components. Now, discrepancies between established physical frameworks have been resolved by identifying defects within conventional approaches and refining Newtonian dynamics using special relativity. This provides improved methodology for modelling complex systems …