Ground subsidence in abandoned gypsum mines represents a typical geological hazard in evaporite regions, posing a direct threat to infrastructure and public safety. This study investigates a collapse-induced seismic event (ML3.4) that occurred on 8 March 2025, in an abandoned gypsum mine in Hunan Province, China. The primary objective is to propose a multi-scale conceptual model for this stratal instability. To achieve this, an integrated approach was employed: high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry was applied to map surface deformation, transient electromagnetic method (TEM) surveys were conducted to image subsurface structures, and microseismic monitoring was deployed to track dynamic instability processes. The application of these methods yielded several key findings: UAV-derived orthomosaics delineated a collapse-affected area of ∼75,000 m2, featuring ground cracks, subsidence ponds, and structural damage to buildings. TEM inversion imaging revealed prominent low-resistivity anomalies corresponding to water-saturated fracture zones, which contrast sharply with the high-resistivity host gypsum layers. These anomalies are inferred to act as primary conduits facilitating persistent water infiltration from the surface. Microseismic monitoring (>200 events) revealed that seismic sources were predominantly concentrated at the basal level of the mined-out zone and along collapse-induced fractures, with the highest event density spatially correlated with the surface drainage channel. Integrated analysis of the survey indicates that while long-term gravitational stress provided the background loading, rainfall infiltration and surface water flow significantly accelerated the mechanical weakening of the fault slip planes. This spatial convergence supports an evidence-based conceptual model wherein hydro-structural coupling reduced the effective shear strength of the structural planes, acting as the primary trigger for the final collapse. The integrated multi-source framework provides a reproducible methodology for goaf stability assessment and hazard mitigation in similar geological settings.