BackgroundCombination sedation regimens are widely used in pediatric procedural sedation. However, the efficacy and incidence of post-discharge adverse events between intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with oral chloral hydrate and intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with oral midazolam remain unclear.MethodsThis was a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial. A total of 180 children aged 1–6 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I–II who were scheduled