Introduction: The inflammatory response to cerebral ischemia plays a crucial role in stroke outcome. This study focuses on the neuroprotective effects of tryptanthrin , a plant alkaloid with anti-inflammatory activity, in the rat model of focal cerebral ischemia (FCI). Materials and Methods: The neurological status of animals was assessed at 4, 24, and 48 hours after FCI (1-hour occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery) in male Wistar rats; the infarct size was assessed 48 hours after reperf