Intestinal infections establish antigen-specific, long-lived memory CD4 + T cells in the brain and meninges

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 08 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02428-4 Intestinal CD4+ T cells migrate to the dura and brain following gut infection with bacteria or parasites, establishing a long-lived memory population capable of proliferation and cytokine production following rechallenge with bloodborne pathogens.