Nature Neuroscience

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 08 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02418-6 Although Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a disease of the brain, we demonstrate that it disrupts myeloid cell production in the bone marrow via a type I interferon signal, preventing protective monocyte-derived macrophages from reaching the brain. Blocking this signal in the 5xFAD mouse model of amyloidosis resto…

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 08 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02428-4 Intestinal CD4+ T cells migrate to the dura and brain following gut infection with bacteria or parasites, establishing a long-lived memory population capable of proliferation and cytokine production following rechallenge with bloodborne pathogens.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 08 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02417-7 Alzheimer’s disease progression involves reduced bone marrow production of myeloid cells due to type I interferon signaling, which hampers the homing of protective immune cells to the affected brain. In a mouse model, inhibiting this pathway restored immune cell recruitment and halted disease progression.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 07 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02447-1 Implanted brain–computer interfaces hold great promise for restoring communication and other functions and for revealing new aspects of human brain physiology. Yet as the number of implantations in humans expands, ethical clarity must keep pace with technical ambition. We propose that this should involve dist…

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 04 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02442-6 Why some skills are easier to learn than others remains a central question in neuroscience. Busch and colleagues demonstrate that the intrinsic geometry of human brain activity shapes learning, thereby facilitating adaptation that remains within existing neural manifolds while limiting learning beyond them.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 04 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02463-1 Author Correction: Choroid plexus apocrine secretion shapes CSF proteome during mouse brain development

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 04 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02434-6 This study argues that neuromodulation should harness the brain’s natural compensatory adaptations, rather than solely restore healthy-like dynamics, providing a framework for improving cognition in psychiatric and aging populations.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 03 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02427-5 The authors identify peripheral dendritic cell priming of T cells as a key driver of brain inflammation and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy, providing new insights into immune mechanisms contributing to tau-dependent neurodegeneration.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 03 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02409-7 The authors use recurrent neural networks to predict how structured prior experience shapes neural dynamics as mice learn flexible timing strategies during complex context-dependent behavior.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 02 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02421-x This study shows that addictive drugs hijack mitochondrial Ca2+-dependent bioenergetics in reward circuits to drive pathological dopamine release, identifying mitochondrial calcium uniporter as a metabolic gatekeeper.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 02 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02414-w This study shows that glutamate concentration at synapses can dynamically reshape how synaptic AMPA receptors pass current and calcium. This reveals a rapid way that synapses tune communication in the brain.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 01 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02439-1 A new direction for neural networks

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 01 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02440-8 Plasma biomarkers for ALS

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 01 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02441-7 Stressing out astrocyte cilia

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 01 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02438-2 Striatal tail neurons in response withholding

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 01 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02419-5 The authors used whole-exome sequencing and analysis of rare coding variation in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder and chronic tic disorders, including Tourette disorder, to identify 36 large-effect risk genes, highlighting both shared genetic risks and convergent biology.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 01 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02389-8 A unified imaging framework integrates effective connectivity algorithms, revealing state-dependent functional hierarchies in the human brain. Simulations and empirical validation demonstrate its ability to capture directed signal flows across various cognitive states.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 31 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02420-y The authors developed spatial NT-seq to map the landscape of RNA turnover and stability regulation in the mouse brain, identifying the dentate gyrus as a turnover hotspot and revealing region-specific responses to electroconvulsive stimulation.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 25 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02413-x Social isolation recruits a basolateral amygdala–medial prefrontal cortex circuit to escalate alcohol drinking in male mice. This pathway reshapes prefrontal population dynamics, suppressing natural reward responses while amplifying alcohol-evoked activity.

Nature Neuroscience, Published online: 24 August 2026; doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02412-y Sui, Yi, Zhou and colleagues show that motor neurons actively orchestrate Drosophila feeding sequences through a feedforward disinhibition cascade. In coordinating their own activity, these neurons function as more than passive relays.