Frontiers in Marine Science

Introduction Driven by global climate change and coastal eutrophication, severe hypoxic events have become a primary environmental stressor in marine ecosystems, posing a critical threat to commercially vital teleosts like the golden pompano ( Trachinotus blochii ). Understanding the dimorphic physiological and microbial responses between sexes under such stress is crucial for developing targeted…

Ports are key gateways for the introduction and spread of non-indigenous species (NIS), yet the ecological and genetic temporal dynamics of these introductions remain poorly understood. Long term temporal monitoring is essential to unravel invasion processes, anticipate biodiversity shifts, and inform effective management and biosecurity strategies. In this study, we conducted a five-year (2019-2…

Over recent decades, coral reefs worldwide have experienced substantial declines in coral cover as a result of interacting global and local stressors. On Florida’s coral reef, coral cover has declined by over 70%, in recent decades, coinciding with pronounced shifts in benthic community composition. One increasingly common feature of these reefs is long sediment-laden algal turfs (LSATs), which f…

Particulate trace elements (pTEs) play key roles in marine biogeochemical cycles through their involvement in particle-seawater exchange processes and potential roles as micronutrients for the growth and functioning of phytoplankton. Here, we report on the distributions of labile and refractory particulate gallium (Ga), germanium (Ge), beryllium (Be), tellurium (Te), tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), stro…

Carybdea brevipedalia is the only cubozoan species reported from Korean waters and is a major cause of jellyfish stings during summer along the southern coast and around Jeju Island. This study examined long-term spatiotemporal distribution patterns and potential signals of northward range change by integrating our researcher-led surveys (2013–2025) with nationwide monitoring records from the Nat…

The Ecological Environment Code of the People’s Republic of China has incorporated ecosystem carbon sinks into the legal system, yet there remains a lack of specialized legislation for blue carbon sink trading, with obvious normative limitations in its supervision and management. This research mainly adopts a combined research method integrating normative analysis, legal doctrine analysis, and qu…

Citizen science platforms play a crucial role in filling knowledge gaps and documenting global biodiversity trends, especially in under-sampled regions such as the Western Indian Ocean (WIO). Here, we assessed the contribution of citizen science data to elasmobranch records in Mozambique, examining species composition, spatio-temporal patterns, and conservation status. This study helps inform pol…

We report two new records of the Atlantic bigeye, Priacanthus arenatus Cuvier, 1829, from Italian waters (Ionian Sea and Strait of Sicily), confirmed through morphological and molecular analyses. The species has previously been reported in the Mediterranean only twice, in the Gulf of Cagliari and the Strait of Messina. Morphometric and meristic data were compared with literature values, and phylo…

Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS) are among the most productive oceanic regions, driven by the upwelling of cold, nutrient-rich, and low-oxygen waters. These systems are increasingly affected by climate change, with intensified upwelling activity in frequency, strength, and duration, potentially reshaping microbial communities and their ecosystem functions. Furthermore, upwelling activity…

In Mexico, the Guadalupe fur seal ( Arctocephalus townsendi , GFS) is listed as Risk of Extinction, with one breeding site on Guadalupe Island, and another potential colony proposed in the late 1990s on the San Benito Archipelago (SBA). Although there are some health and mortality studies regarding GFS on Guadalupe Island, the SBA colony remains understudied. This study aimed to characterize the …

Against a backdrop of frequent global emergencies, heightened uncertainty in the shipping environment, and increasing complexity in port operations, the risk shocks faced by port systems have significantly intensified. Enhancing the comprehensive resilience of ports has thus become a critical task in port development. To systematically characterize the evolution of resilience in China’s coastal p…

Natural gas hydrates are an important component of the global and oceanic biogeochemical cycle. However, much remains to be understood about gas hydrate systems, including processes resulting in the accumulation of high-concentration deposits. Gas hydrate recycling is a prominent mechanism in producing elevated hydrate saturations near the base of the gas hydrate stability zone (BGHSZ). During ga…

Many marine species depend on nurseries during early life stages to promote growth and increase survival to maturity, supporting stock replenishment and stability. Since the nursery was first formally defined 25 years ago as a habitat that yields a greater-than-average contribution of juvenile recruits to an adult population, researchers have repeatedly revisited the concept and debated the best …

The ubiquitous presence of microplastics (MPs) in the marine environment has become an increasingly evident crisis. Yet, fundamental questions regarding their origin, transport pathways and fate remain largely unanswered, particularly in estuaries. While international policy frameworks to reduce plastic pollution at their source are negotiated, targeted interventions are critically needed to prev…

Gas hydrate enrichment mechanisms and reservoir characteristics are crucial for understanding their resource potential and role in the global carbon cycle. Traditional models emphasize coarse-grained sediments as primary hosts for hydrates, but recent studies show significant accumulations also occur in fine-grained systems. However, the influence of authigenic minerals, particularly porous framb…

Ocean mesoscale eddies, characterized by substantial eddy kinetic energy (EKE), are ubiquitous throughout the global ocean and play an essential role in ocean circulation, climate, and biogeochemistry. In the North Pacific, high and variable EKE is primarily concentrated in the western Subtropical Gyre. In contrast, the EKE levels in the Subtropical Northeast Pacific are relatively lower. Neverth…

Mesoscale eddies play a vital role in shaping marine biogeochemical processes, particularly influencing chlorophyll (Chl) distribution in oceanic systems. Understanding how eddies affect Chl distribution is critical for assessing regional productivity. The presented study focuses on the Norwegian Sea region, which is characterized by the high intensity of mesoscale eddy activity and complex dynam…

Corrosion protection systems used on offshore structures release metals or chlorine-produced oxidants into surrounding waters. Yet, their effects on marine biomonitoring species remain poorly understood. Here, we assess how emissions from induced current cathodic protection systems and zinc- and aluminium-based galvanic anodes affect the early developmental stages of the kelp Saccharina latissima…

Climate change is rapidly altering the environment in the Arctic with large implications for marine life. This study presents the first time-series analysis of epibenthic community structure in Young Sound, NE Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland), aiming to assess the structural and functional changes over time in response to climate-driven environmental change. Using data collected by drop cameras and R…