Antioxidants

This study aimed to investigate the effects of pterostilbene (PTE) on the intestinal barrier function, antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism, and microbial and metabolite homeostasis of suckling piglets via its action on breast milk. Findings indicate that PTE supplementation enhanced the antioxidant status of mature milk and strengthened intestinal barrier function in piglets. Specifically, PTE…

Anthocyanins are plant polyphenols widely regarded as antioxidants, yet they can exert concentration-dependent effects and act as pro-oxidants in specific contexts. Although their protective role in stressed testicular cells is established, their impact on Leydig cell steroidogenesis under non-pathological conditions remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated how an anthocyanin-enriched fra…

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Beyond established risk factors such as smoking and exposure to pollutants increasing evidence emphasizes the role of oxidative stress (OS) in COPD pathophysiology. OS contributes to chronic inflammation, to the progression of the disease and affects both lung function and exacerbations, which op…

Nanomaterials are emerging versatile platforms for therapeutic delivery, as they offer precise control over drug, antioxidant, and genetic payload transport across biological barriers. Inorganic, organic, hybrid, and biomimetic systems are the major classes of nanomaterials, which all have different physicochemical properties such as size, surface charge, and surface functionalization. These prop…

Momordica charantia L. (MC), also referred to as bitter gourd or bitter melon, is a Cucurbi taceae plant renowned for its medicinal benefits. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is employed as a frontline chemotherapeutic agent, with its antitumor activity mediated through the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. However, its therapeutic efficacy is often compromised by serious adverse effects, particularly ga…

Isoflurane is a widely used volatile anesthetic with context-dependent effects on neuronal survival, particularly in neurodegenerative conditions. Increasing evidence suggests that brief, sublethal stress exposure can induce adaptive cellular responses through hormesis-based preconditioning mechanisms. In this study, we investigated whether isoflurane preconditioning enhances neuronal tolerance t…

Industrial processing of apple to obtain products like juice or cider generates a significant amount of pomace, which represents 25–30% of the fresh fruit mass. Different technologies are needed to valorize apple pomace (AP), considering its significant amount of high-value compounds, such as fiber, vitamins, and polyphenols. Hot-air convection (CA) and infrared (IR) drying are widely used method…

The global prevalence of osteoporosis is rising, particularly among the elderly and post-menopausal population. Although natural flavonoids can inhibit osteoclast overactivation, their low abundance and extraction challenges limit clinical translation. In this study, we synthesized a flavonoid derivative, SZQ-4, and evaluated its therapeutic potential for post-menopausal osteoporosis (PMO). Using…

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a highly prevalent chronic non-specific intestinal inflammatory disorder for which effective therapeutic options are urgently needed. The active component cimigenoside (CIM) possesses promising anti-inflammatory bioactivity; however, its therapeutic efficacy and underlying molecular mechanism against UC remain to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investiga…

Oxidative stress is no longer viewed as a random imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, but as a failure of an integrated redox network that connects metabolism, immunity, and metal homeostasis. Classical markers such as malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal define oxidative damage, yet they cannot explain how redox adaptation occurs or fails. Over the past decade, the discove…

In the original publication [...]

Background: Caffeic acid (CA), with antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, was formulated in liposomes to increase its efficacy. The study targets triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by the absence of ER, PR, and HER2 receptors. Methods: For CA-loaded liposomes, the pharmacological effects on TNBC cell lines, parental Hs578T (HS) and Doxorubicin-resistant Hs578T (HSD) cells …

Caffeic acid (CaA) and chicoric acid (ChA) each exhibit significant antioxidant activity when used alone, yet their combined effects on antioxidant capacity and intestinal health in zebrafish remain unclear. This study used isobolographic analysis to identify a 1:1 ratio of CaA to ChA as optimal for synergistic antioxidant activity, with its ABTS and DPPH IC50 (21.65 μg/mL, 69.66 μg/mL) outperfor…

This study aims to develop and characterize novel dermatocosmetic formulations designed to hydrate the skin, improve its appearance, reduce wrinkles, and provide antioxidant, anti-ageing, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory benefits, along with potential protection against UVA and UVB radiation. The formulations contain the following ingredients: xanthan gum (0.5%), Calendula officinalis oil (5%…

Our study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of a 20% ethanolic extract of the Phlomis umbrosa Turcz. (EPT) herb and its associated bioactive compounds in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma mouse model. We used phytochemical analysis and identified sesamoside, shanzhiside methyl ester, 8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methyl ester, and isoacteoside as the bioactive components. We validated…

Melatonin, a well-known antioxidant, has been widely used in sperm cryopreservation of various animals, but its regulatory mechanism in fish remains unclear. This first study on teleosts suggests a potential molecular mechanism by which melatonin may improve post-thaw sperm quality of Epinephelus fuscoguttatus via targeting mitochondrial function. Compared with the melatonin group, the MT1 recept…

(1) Background: The search for new polymodal antioxidants to correct oxidative stress of various origins and its consequences remains one of the most pressing and rapidly developing areas of biomedical research. (2) Methods: Hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical detection, induced luminescence assay, ELISA for 8-oxoguanine detection, animal survival, blood cell count, micronucleus test, and PCR …

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss worldwide and represents a complex neurovascular complication of diabetes mellitus driven by chronic hyperglycemia. Increasing evidence identifies oxidative stress—defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defenses—as a central pathogenic mechanism linking metabolic dysregulation to retinal …

Salvia transsylvanica, an endemic Romanian sage, remains understudied despite co-occurrence with validated medicinal Salvia species. In this study, lfeaves and flowers were harvested weekly during flowering (May and June) and subjected to classical hydroethanolic extraction, HPLC–DAD–ESI/MSn profiling, in vitro antioxidant assays (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP), and enzyme-inhibitory screening, with multivari…

High-efficiency Ovum Pick-Up (OPU) and in vitro embryo production (IVP) are critical for the genetic improvement of high-value Wagyu cattle. However, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction during oocyte maturation remain major bottlenecks limiting blastocyst yield. This study investigated the role of inhibin in Wagyu oocyte competence through two independent proof-of-concept approaches. I…