The American Naturalist

Intraspecific trait variability (ITV) is an important aspect of community ecology, but we still have a poor understanding of what drives the magnitude of relationships between ITV and ecological dynamics. In order to guide ecologists interested in unravelling the ecological implications of ITV, we asked whether relationships’ magnitudes differ (i) between intraspecific levels (among-vs. within- p…

Urbanization affects many aspects of the environment with the potential to alter both ecological and evolutionary processes. However, while examples of urban evolution are accumulating, tests of urban eco-evolutionary dynamics are rare. We carried out a reciprocal transplantation experiment using the terrestrial isopod Oniscus asellus to test how adaptation to the urban heat island influenced eco…

AbstractIn recent decades, numerous observations have been made of evolution induced by anthropogenic change in natural populations. Evolution in response to harvest, climate change, pollution, landscape change, and introduced invasive species are common. Here, we provide evidence for evolution in a new context by documenting a large increase in the frequency of defensive pelvic spines in two unu…