Medicine

Oxidative stress and systemic inflammation play pivotal roles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) progression. However, the combined impact of oxidative balance and inflammatory status on mortality risk in RA patients remains insufficiently investigated. This study aimed to explore these potential associations. We analyzed data from 24,552 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Su…

To compare large language models (LLMs) and human reviewers in the peer review process of manuscripts submitted to 3 ophthalmology-related journals. This retrospective study comprised 300 randomly selected manuscripts from 3 anonymized journals under 1 editor between June 2023 and July 2024. Comments from 2 LLMs (Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer [ChatGPT] 4o and Gemini) and human reviewers…

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between interstitial lung disease (ILD) severity and bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporotic vertebral fractures (OVFs) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and determine whether ILD independently affects skeletal health. This retrospective cross-sectional study included 150 RA patients treated between January 2021 and December 2024. Base…

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is associated with systemic inflammation and potentially influences the outcomes of critical illness. However, its impact on septic shock remains poorly defined. We aimed to evaluate the association between MASLD score and outcomes in patients with septic shock. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Inpatient …

Bariatric surgery in patients with severe psychiatric disorders carries substantial risk when not managed within a multidisciplinary framework. Thorough preoperative psychiatric evaluation and continuous postoperative mental health support are essential to optimize outcomes. Surgical candidacy should be based on individualized functional stability rather than diagnosis alone, and such procedures …

Inflammatory protein factors play key roles in the pathophysiology of endocarditis. Using publicly available population-level databases, this study investigates their potential causal relationships with endocarditis to identify candidate biomarkers for precise diagnosis and therapy. We performed 2-sample Mendelian randomization to investigate causal relationships between endocarditis and 91 circu…

This meta-analysis offers strong evidence that individuals with RA are at a significantly higher risk of developing COPD. These findings emphasize the need for regular screening for COPD in RA patients and the implementation of proactive management strategies to reduce this risk. Further research is required to fully understand this relationship.

This case highlights the importance of suspecting CMV and/or EBV pneumonitis in patients undergoing chemotherapy and no response to empiric antibiotics. Timely detection of causative pathogens is important, as prompt intervention can markedly improve patient outcomes.

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of LE-SBL and further refines current understanding of the disease. Integration of histopathology, direct/indirect immunofluorescence, and serologic testing is essential to distinguish this entity from other bullous dermatoses. Early institution of glucocorticoids plus hydroxychloroquine achieves rapid disease control. This report offers an important r…

Cognitive impairment is a significant health concern among older adults. Most cognitive disorders are challenging to treat due to their complex and often unclear causes. Emerging evidence suggests a possible association between antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and cognitive impairment, although this relationship remains debated. Obesity is associated with lower ANA titers and may influence ANA produc…

Normal saline administration resulted in higher sodium levels and increased systolic blood pressure than H/S administration. These findings underscore the importance of tailored fluid therapy in critically ill pediatric patients, highlighting the potential effects of fluid choice on sodium balance and hemodynamics.

Doppler-guided dearterialization with mucopexy is well established for grade II/III hemorrhoidal disease (HD), whereas evidence supporting its use in grade IV disease remains limited. The arterial detection ligation (ADL) system provides deeper Doppler penetration and improved arterial mapping, potentially enhancing outcomes in advanced disease. This study compared clinical outcomes of ADL-mucope…

This study aims to systematically construct a scientific, structured, and clinically applicable system of sensitive quality indicators for orthopedic specialty nursing to provide standardized and quantifiable tools for precise management, evaluation, and continuous improvement of orthopedic nursing quality. A multi-method design integrating evidence-based research, empirical analysis, and expert …

Hypertension is the leading cause of mortality and disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Patients with hypertension suffer a higher risk of metabolic syndrome. The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is an innovative metabolic indicator for screening diabetes mellitus, stroke, and renal dysfunction. However, it remains unclear whether there exists an association between CMI and hypertension among old…

Endometriosis and menorrhagia are prevalent gynecological conditions with overlapping symptoms, yet comparative data from Middle Eastern populations remain scarce. We aimed to comprehensively characterize demographic and hematological differences between these conditions in Saudi women, where obesity prevalence reaches 44%. This observational study analyzed 946 women (351 with surgically-confirme…

This study aimed to determine whether specific diagnostic cutoff thresholds of serum reproductive hormones - anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estradiol (E2), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - can function as cost-effective triage tools for identifying postmenopausal women at high risk of osteoporosis in settings with limited access to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). This prospective c…

While a few studies have reported on single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with glaucoma in the Korean population, comprehensive data on genotype-phenotype correlations across multiple candidate genes are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the associations of variants in 10 candidate genes (CDKN2B, SIX1, SIX6, SCYL1, CHEK2, ATOH7, DCLK1, RERE, CDC7, and CARD10) with primary open-angle …

Mosquitoes exhibit multiple mechanisms of insecticide resistance that threaten the efficacy of current vector control interventions. Integrated vector management, development of novel insecticides, biological control methods, and resistance surveillance are essential for mitigating the evolution of resistance and maintaining public health gains.

For critically ill patients with AKI, early initiation of RRT can reduce 28-day mortality by 19% (relative risk reduction of 19%, absolute risk reduction of 3.1%) compared to late initiation, a statistically significant difference. However, clinicians should be alert to the possible adverse effect such as hypotension, catheter-related infection, and hypophosphatemia of early RRT.

This study aimed to examine the influence of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) application on postoperative recovery dynamics and safety profiles in elderly total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients. A retrospective cohort analysis was performed on 400 individuals aged 65 years or older who underwent primary unilateral TKA between January 2022 and December 2023. According to perioperative manag…