IntroductionListeria monocytogenes is a primary foodborne pathogen and the causative agent of human listeriosis and remains one of the most critical foodborne pathogens responsible for severe invasive infections with high hospitalization and mortality rates. According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), listeriosis continues to show a stable trend, particularly among elderly and immuno-compromised populations. The integr