BackgroundLeiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumors that most commonly arise in the uterus but may occasionally occur in extra-uterine locations, including the vulva. Vulvar leiomyomas, especially those originating from the Bartholin gland, are uncommon and often misdiagnosed as Bartholin's cysts or abscesses, leading to diagnostic challenges.Case presentationWe report the case of a 44-year-old female with a longstanding, slowly enlarging right vulvar mass initially presumed to be a Bartholin's