Thiol-reactive compound depletion reveals electrophile-dependent and independent anti-inflammatory constituents in Saussurea costus
Per-Johan Jakobsson
BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation and joint damage. Despite available treatments, many patients fail to achieve adequate disease control, prompting interest in complementary approaches. In traditional Chinese medicine, multi-herbal formulations such as Formulation C (Qushi-Juanbi Granules) are used clinically to treat RA. Among its component plants, S. costus (S. costus) has long been recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties