The role of the gut mycobiota in neurodevelopmental disorders: a multikingdom disruption of the gut-brain axis
Li-Tian Ma
Research on the gut-brain axis in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) has historically focused on bacteria, overlooking fungal contributions. This review synthesizes emerging evidence to propose that intestinal fungi may actively contribute to NDD pathophysiology through multikingdom interactions, though causality requires validation. We delineate a consistent gut mycobiota dysbiosis signature across autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and Rett syndro