Solid Earth Sciences

Thallium (Tl) isotopes are valuable geochemical tracers widely applied in planetary evolution, redox history of ancient oceans, pollution source tracing, and crustal recycling. Contemporary Tl isotope analyses generally rely on either the standard-sample bracketing or element-doping approach to correct for mass bias. However, complex matrices and residual Pb can introduce correction artifacts, ma…

Stable isotopic composition of Cerium (Ce), a refractory, incompatible, and redox-sensitive element, provides a powerful tracer for continental weathering processes. However, the average δ 142/140 Ce value of the upper continental crust (UCC) remains poorly constrained. Here, we report Ce isotopic data of characterized upper crustal samples, including granitic rocks with distinct sources (I, A, a…

Twenty-two inclusions of ferropericlase from thirteen lower-mantle diamonds, collected in the Rio Sorriso placer deposit in the Juina area, Mato Grosso State, Brazil, were studied using Raman spectroscopy. Pure periclase (MgO) and pure wüstite (FeO) with NaCl-type structure are inactive in first-order Raman scattering. However, natural ferropericlase are characterized by broad compositional varia…

Magnetotelluric surveys often detect high electrical conductivity anomalies in Earth's interior. Interpreting these anomalies requires quantitative laboratory measurements of electrical conductivity on various melts at high temperatures and pressures. Although the two-electrode and pseudo-four-electrode configurations have been used for such measurement, their comparability at high pressures has …

Porphyry-type molybdenum (Mo)–copper (Cu) deposits are major sources of Mo and significant contributors to Cu, making them a focal point of research in the field of mineral deposits. However, the origin of Mo and Cu in these deposits—whether they derive from a shared magma or distinct sources—remains an unresolved question. In this study, we present geochronological and geochemical data from mafi…

By improving poor subgrade soil using stabilizing methods and evaluating the effects of high moisture content, the research aims to lower building costs by improving engineering qualities with cementitious additives. Samples of disturbed soil were gathered from Mahle-Nijat, Kandahar, and examined at Kandahar University's civil laboratory. Specific gravity, Atterberg limits, and grain size distrib…

This research investigates the origin and relationship between adakites and non-adakitic magmas found at Los Espinos Volcano (LEV), situated within the Michoacán-Guanajuato Volcanic Field (MGVF) in Mexico. LEV consists of a younger phreatomagmatic tuff cone (LETC) with adakitic features, overlaying two pre-tuff cone units (PTC) made of a lava flow and a scoria cone remnant, both of calc-alkaline …

Skarn Cu, Au deposits are most important deposit-type in the Tongling region, eastern China, where skarn Au deposits are closely associated with pyroxene monzodiorite, and skarn Cu deposits are genetically related to quartz monzodiorite and granodiorite. However, the causes on the Tongling skarn Cu and Au mineralization differences remain poorly constrained. This study systematically presents pet…

This study presents a comprehensive framework for uncertainty estimation in Nd isotope ratio analysis using both linear error propagation and Monte Carlo simulation. The developed model explicitly incorporates uncertainties from key analytical procedures—including baseline subtraction, isobaric interference correction, and exponential law mass fractionation normalization—providing more accurate t…

This study evaluates hydrocarbon generation, palynofacies, and burial-thermal evolution of Middle Jurassic-Lowermost Cretaceous source rocks in the Ajeel Field, located in the Mesopotamian Foredeep Basin of Iraq. Through Rock-Eval pyrolysis, Total organic carbon (TOC) analysis, and palynofacies, a comprehensive investigation of 109 core and cutting samples in wells 8 and 12 was supported by one-d…

The South China Block (SCB) hosts numerous economically significant granite-related uranium deposits and critical metal mineralization, notably in the Nanling Region. This study investigates the petrogenesis, provenance, tectonic setting, and potential link to uranium mineralization of Middle–Late Mesozoic clastic sedimentary rocks from the Fengzhou Basin and surrounding areas, SCB. Field and pet…