Electrical conductivity measurement criteria for silicate and carbonate melts at high pressure: Two-electrode versus pseudo-four-electrode methods

Magnetotelluric surveys often detect high electrical conductivity anomalies in Earth's interior. Interpreting these anomalies requires quantitative laboratory measurements of electrical conductivity on various melts at high temperatures and pressures. Although the two-electrode and pseudo-four-electrode configurations have been used for such measurement, their comparability at high pressures has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, we performed electrical conductivity measurements o