Maceral composition in coal varies significantly under the influence of different sedimentary environments. This study applies coal petrology techniques to elucidate the controlling mechanisms of coal-forming environments on macerals, focusing on the L2 coal seam from the Juhugeng mine in the Muli coalfield. The results reveal that the lower section of the L2 coal seam is predominantly composed of semi-bright coal, transitioning upward into durain and semi-dull coal. Vitrinite is the dominant ma