This study reports the fabrication and characterization of self-supporting SiOxCy/C composite electrodes for lithium-ion batteries, prepared via a sol-gel route combining silicon and carbon precursors with biomass-derived kapok fibers. The monolithic materials are directly implemented as binder-free electrodes by simple cutting, eliminating inactive masses such as binder and carbon black. Mechanical compression tests demonstrate that fiber incorporation transforms the material behavior from brittle fracture to compliant deformation with elastic recovery, which is key to accommodating volume changes during electrochemical cycling. The monolithic electrode outperforms its formulated powder counterpart, delivering a reversible discharge capacity of 1,070 mAh.g-1 after 100 cycles at 168 mA g-1 with a retention exceeding 100%. Surface fluorination using XeF2 significantly increases the initial discharge capacity to ∼2,380 mAh.g-1 by promoting electrolyte access to the smallest pores from the first cycle. While capacity retention over 100 cycles requires further optimization, this work demonstrates that binder-free monolithic shaping combined with controlled surface fluorination is a promising strategy for next-generation of silicon-based anodes.
Binder-free self supporting SiOxCy/C anodes: mechanical reinforcement by biomass fibers and surface fluorination effects on lithium-ion battery performance
Katia Guérin

