IntroductionSpinal cord injury (SCI) results in severe autonomic dysfunction, across cardiovascular, bladder, bowel and sexual domains, negatively affecting quality of life. Recently, there has been growing interest in the application of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) to restore or modulate autonomic functions in people with SCI. This review systematically evaluated the evidence for spinal cord and/or root stimulation, delivered via epidural (eSCS), transcutaneous (tSCS) spinal cord stimulation,