Research progress on active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of asthenozoospermia
Donghai Zhao
Asthenozoospermia, a main cause of male infertility, is characterized by diminished sperm motility and increased morphological abnormalities, presenting a major barrier to natural conception. While current treatments provide limited benefit, their effectiveness is often variable, invasive, and costly. In contrast, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), guided by holistic principles and syndrome differentiation, offers a distinct therapeutic approach. Through multi-component, multi-target, and multi