Unraveling the intricate link: gut microbiota and recurrent spontaneous abortion
Ping Tan
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) affects 1%–5% of reproductive-age couples, and nearly 50% of cases remain unexplained. This review summarizes recent evidence to elucidate the association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and RSA. We confirm that RSA patients exhibit decreased alpha diversity, reduced levels of Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium, and elevated Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella. Gut dysbiosis contributes to RSA through three core pathways: disrupted T helpe