ObjectiveTo explore the impact of Solution-Focused Group Therapy on peer friendship quality in adolescents with anxiety disorders.MethodsEighty adolescent patients (aged 12–18) with anxiety disorders treated at the hospital outpatient department from September 2024 to October 2025 were selected. According to the principle of random allocation, they were divided into an experimental group and a control group. The control group received conventional medication and psychological interventions. The experimental group additionally received 8-week, short-term Solution-Focused Group Therapy (one 90-min session per week). Statistical analysis was performed using the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24), and Friendship Quality Questionnaire (FQQ) to assess patients’ mental health status and friendship quality before intervention (Week 0), after intervention (Week 8), and at an 8-week follow-up (Week 16).ResultsBefore the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in scores between the groups (p > 0.05). After the intervention and at follow-up, HAMA, and HAMD-24 scores at each time point in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (ps < 0.05), the FQQ scores were significantly higher than those in the control group (ps < 0.05). CGI assessment confirmed that the overall efficacy in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.001).ConclusionSolution-Focused Group Therapy may effectively enhance peer friendship quality in adolescent patients with anxiety disorders and simultaneously alleviate their anxiety and depressive symptoms.