developmental-psychology

The Cross-Cultural Neuropsychological Test Battery (CCNB) was developed in response to the growing need for a culturally fair method of assessing cognitive functioning in minority populations. The CCNB includes 11 tests, takes approximately 90 minutes to administer, and has been given to 336 healthy older adults and 90 demented patients from five ethnic groups (African-American, Caucasian, Chines…

A growing body of research shows that students benefit when they demographically match their teachers. However, little is known about how matching affects social-emotional development. We use student-fixed effects to exploit changes over time in the proportion of teachers within a school grade who demographically match a student to estimate the effect on social-emotional measures, test scores, an…

The perinatal period, which includes pregnancy and postpartum, is associated with body-image disturbance and increased risk of eating disorder (ED) onset or relapse. ED diagnoses that are most common in the perinatal period are also more prevalent among Black individuals compared to other races. However, existing ED screening tools may miss important cultural nuances within the Black population. …

For an extended period, musical training has been recognized as a key enhancer of children's development, particularly affecting executive functions. This three-level meta-analysis examines the influence of musical training on executive functions in children aged 3-12 and identifies key moderating factors. The study analyzed 46 original research articles, encompassing 192 effect sizes from a tota…

Gender nonconforming (GN) children are at higher risk of experiencing bullying and social exclusion than are gender conforming (GC) children. Nonetheless, very little is known about the socio-cognitive mechanisms underlying children's bias against GN peers. The present study was the first to examine children's dehumanization of GN peers (developmental trajectory, form, and link to bullying). Chin…

Clinicaltrials.gov NCT06346496, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06346496.

In 2000, Humberstone emphasised the ‘ignorance’ of the ‘outdoor industry’s’ attention to gendered experiences and the negative impact of masculine hegemony. Since then, articles attending to gendered experiences have increased exponentially, with a focus on sharing women’s experiences of outdoor education. Specifically, research attending to hegemonic masculinity confirms the slow progression, if…

The social determinants of the child's home environment have a significant additive effect on the perinatal risk of a child on later development, particularly their language development.

This study highlights the urgent need for government, healthcare providers and key stakeholders to collaboratively enhance policies, planning and practices to deliver inclusive maternity care. Integrating disability-inclusive maternity care education into the training curricula is a necessary first step, with further research to evaluate the impact of training to improve care.

Body weight in adolescence and adulthood may result from the interplay between individuals' genetic characteristics and the social context in which they grow up, such as family socioeconomic status (SES). However, evidence on the interaction between genetic propensity for high body mass index (BMI) and family SES remains inconclusive. This study investigates whether genetic associations with BMI …

(1) Tennis umpires' self-efficacy, social support, and mental toughness showed a two-by-two positive correlation with professional identity. (2) Mental toughness plays a simple mediating role between self-efficacy and professional identity, and social support and mental toughness mediate between the two.

Abstract Gender pension gaps (GPGs) represent crucial indicators of gender inequalities over the life course. Despite reaching higher levels, they have received less attention than other gender inequalities, such as gender wage gaps. More generally, research typically focuses on selected sets of life course summary measures, predominantly the employment duration, to explain gender inequalities ac…

The findings highlight the potent role of offset pubertal timing in adolescent suicidal ideation and attempts, as well as sex differences in associated risk processes. The results also emphasize the importance of focusing on both mental health and social contextual changes elicited by offset pubertal timing among adolescents as intervention targets.

This study contributes to a deeper understanding of online sexual exploitation patterns targeting minors. It underscores the need for further research to adapt interventions and law enforcement strategies effectively in response to the complexities of online offender behaviors. One limitation of the study is the small sample size, which may affect the generalizability of the findings.