graphics

Honestly, the way dedicated hardware and software engineering have teamed up has totally changed the game for developers making worlds look real. Instead of artists spending weeks manually dropping in fake light bulbs to trick your eyes, they can just place one virtual sun in the scene and let ray tracing physics handle the rest. This basically deletes a ton of tedious development time while maki…

CSS Animations & Transitions: A Visual Guide (2026) CSS animations and transitions are the secret sauce that makes interfaces feel alive. No JavaScript required — pure CSS power. Transitions: Smooth State Changes /* The basics: property + duration + timing function */ .button { background : #3b82f6 ; color : white ; padding : 12px 24px ; border : none ; border-radius : 8px ; /* Transition multipl…

For years, web developers have had to make a tough architectural choice when building complex, highly-interactive visual applications on the web/ Should you lean on the DOM for its rich semantic features or render directly to the canvas element for low-level graphics performance? With the new experimental HTML-in-Canvas API—available now in origin trial—you don't have to choose. This API lets you…

Personal website and blog. Catlantean 3D is a side-project I've been slowly building in my spare time for over a year, and I intend to release it on Steam next year. My goal was to build a complete, shippable first-person shooter using techniques that were common in the early 90s, while allowing myself the luxury of using a modern compiler and a platform abstraction layer. What this actually mean…

I would like to create a perforation like the one shown in the picture. Using Array and Boolean modifiers is quite impractical, and I am convinced it can be done using Geometry Nodes. How can I ...

As a graphics programmer, I don’t usually spend too much time on something that is not strictly related to computer graphics or game engine. However, I did spend four months in my spare time last year building a shading language for my renderer SORT, which I call Tiny Shading Language (TSL). In the beginning, I didn’t know how it would end up eventually due to the lack of knowledge about how comp…

Gaussian Point Splatting Joris Rijsdijk, Christoph Peters, Michael Weinnman, Ricardo Marroquim. 2026–07 in ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proc. SIGGRAPH) 45, 4. Official version Abstract We propose Gaussian point splatting, a stochastic method to render Gaussian splats that scales extremely well to scenes with many Gaussians. Our core idea is to sample pixel-sized, opaque points from the Gaussians…

I built a Metal viewer on iPhone that re-lights an already-captured 3D scene with any lighting you like. Swap or rotate the HDR environment map, and the object's reflections follow in real time, with that environment also drawn into the background. Why relighting is valuable (the practical, commercial meaning) Ordinary Gaussian Splatting has the lighting from capture time baked in. So if you plac…

We’re working on an adventure game, Leonardo’s Moon Ship. The player character, Leo, has the usual pile of animations: idle left and right, walk in four directions, a couple of stair anims. Since implementing the basics of the character, Leo has had this slightly cursed behaviour where he’d grow about 3% taller the moment he started walking, then shrink back when he stopped. His feet would also l…

Hardware tessellation as we know it today (Dx11-style) had its origins on the Xbox 360, which released in 2005. Time flies, right? It was a natural step in the evolution toward film-quality realtime rendering. After all, tessellation was a key component of the original Pixar Reyes paper [7]. Now that it’s 20+ years later, we have more experience with the algorithm, and hardware tessellation has n…

Want advanced ray tracing on PC? Frame gen is a necessary pill you’ll have to swallow.

1. Overview Bresenham algorithm is the fastest algorithm for drawing straight lines on a pixel grid (using only integers). Scanline Algorithm is commonly used to fill the interior of polygons by drawing horizontal scanlines between edges. In this project, I implemented basic rasterization techniques in Python using Pygame by applying Bresenham Algorithm and the Scanline Algorithm. The goal was to…

Why this project exists My background is in web development. TypeScript, Node.js, React — that's been my world for years. I've spent a lot of time thinking about software architecture: SOLID principles, onion architecture, dependency injection, separation of concerns. All of that in the context of the web. But the reason I got into technology in the first place has nothing to do with web forms or…

Sometimes you want to try a shader without spinning up Shadertoy, without a build step, without anything. Just a textarea, a canvas, and a refresh-while-you-type loop. This is that page: ~350 lines of vanilla JS, a fixed full-screen-quad vertex shader, and a fragment shader you edit live. Compile errors land back in the UI with line numbers; the URL hash round-trips your source so links shared on…

Two months ago we released gogpu/ui v0.1.0 — 22 widgets, 3 design systems, ~150K lines of pure Go. Since then we shipped 21 patch releases, and the rendering pipeline is unrecognizable. This post covers what changed and why it matters. The Problem v0.1.0 re-rendered the entire widget tree every frame. A 48×48 spinner in one corner caused the GPU to redraw 800×600 of static content. Hover over a b…

Above is a quick illustration of what we'll be exploring step by step, through a series of interactive visualizations. But before we continue down that path, dear reader, I implore you to make a choice. A brief history of light Greetings, fellow adventurer! Let's begin. Of course at first, there was nothing, not even light. Then very shortly after the big boom, maybe a second after, the first par…

Algorithms leveraging ReSTIR-style spatiotemporal reuse have recently proliferated, hugely increasing effective sample count for light transport in real-time ray and path tracers. Many papers have explored novel theoretical improvements, but algorithmic improvements and engineering insights toward optimal implementation have largely been neglected. We demonstrate enhancements to ReSTIR PT that ma…

Your browser is a miracle! Every pixel you see on this page is the result of stacking hundreds of elements on top of each other and deciding, millions of times, pixel by pixel, what the result should look like. Two important steps in this process are compositing and blending, and in this post, we'll get to see what they are, how they work, and where they can be useful when building fun effects on…

A practical IEEE Transactions on Image Processing (TIP) submission guide for image-processing researchers evaluating their work against the journal's technical bar.

Numbers in a table tell you something. A chart tells you the same thing in a second. You can stare at 1000 rows of salary data and struggle to see the pattern. Or you can plot a histogram and instantly see that it is bimodal, two clusters, probably two different job levels in one dataset. The pattern was always there. The chart made it obvious. Matplotlib is the foundation of Python visualization…