Lasers in Medical Science

Abstract Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is being increasingly applied in regenerative medicine due to its ability to modulate cellular metabolism and support repair processes. However, the effect of various exposure parameters on fibroblast activity still does not remain fully understood. The study aim was to evaluate the effect of selected LLLT parameters (808 nm, 100 and 200 mW, 2 and 10 J/cm²,…

Abstract This literature review examines the transformative role of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) in enhancing optical spectroscopy for breast cancer diagnosis. By synthesizing advancements from peer-reviewed studies (2015–2025), we evaluate how ML/DL integration improves the detection of malignancy-associated biochemical changes, enabling noninvasive, rapid, and accurate different…

To compare the outcomes of laser enucleation techniques by evaluating the postoperative data of patients with benign prostate obstruction (BPO) undergoing ThuFLEP and HoLEP. This retrospective study included men > 50 years with LUTS due to BPO who underwent HoLEP or ThuFLEP by a single experienced surgeon between January 2023 and January 2024. Patients were also stratified into subgroups accordin…

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Spider nevus (SN) is a common cutaneous vasoproliferative disorder in children. Data on the use of 595 nm PDL with multiple laser spot sizes for treating SN in children remain scarce. To summarize the clinical characteristics and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of 595 nm PDL with multiple laser spot sizes in treating SN in children. A retrospective study was conducted on 452 patients treate…

Thulium laser en bloc resection of bladder tumors (TmL-ERBT) represents a novel surgical approach for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), but its comparative advantages over conventional transurethral resection (TURBT) remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate perioperative safety, surgical quality, and oncological outcomes of TmL-ERBT versus TURBT. A systematic search of…

The standard lifelong treatment for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), a chronic autoimmune disease, is levothyroxine (LT4) therapy. Despite LT4 replacement therapy, patients continue to experience persistent fatigue, deterioration in psychological and general well-being. Our study was conducted to investigate the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PMBT) combined with LT4 replacement therapy on fa…

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway regulates cell survival, proliferation, and the synthesis of protein. Photobiomodulation (PBM) stimulates biological processes by using low-powered light in the visible, red and near-infrared (NIR) spectrum. Despite its demonstrated efficacy, the cellular and molecular co…

Fluoride treatment has long been recognized as an important method for treating dental decay. Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) treatment has emerged as a low-cost and simple approach, combining silver’s antimicrobial properties with fluoride’s caries-inhibiting activities. The present study compares the effects of two lasers, diode-pumped solid-state frequency-doubled Nd: YAG (DPSS, 532 nm) and diod…