JAMA Network Open

In this quality improvement study of a multi-faceted, behavioral science-informed intervention to promote glucocorticoid stewardship for ARIs in urgent care settings, implementation was associated with reductions in glucocorticoid prescribing.

These findings suggest that for patients aged younger than 65 years treated with NOACs for NVAF, apixaban was associated with the most favorable benefit-harm profile. While the results suggest that rivaroxaban may have provided greater stroke prevention than dabigatran, it was associated with higher bleeding risks than apixaban without additional stroke prevention. The higher thromboembolic strok…

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05203861.

This cross-sectional study examines changes in travel distance and demographic information for pregnant people seeking support for abortion in Illinois before and after Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization Supreme Court decision.

In this cohort study, bereavement was associated with increased CVD risk both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, a stronger association for partner or sibling loss was noted during the pandemic. These findings suggest that bereavement may be a period of heightened cardiovascular vulnerability, underscoring the importance of targeted clinical monitoring and preventive care for berea…

This cohort study compares hepatitis B vaccination series completion by 18 months in infants who did vs did not receive a birth dose.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04317664.

In this cross-sectional study of Chinese youths, longer breastfeeding duration was not associated with cognitive performance in the unadjusted model but was associated with better cognitive performance after adjustment for SES. Longer breastfeeding was more common among families with low SES. Continued policy support, such as extended maternity leave and workplace lactation accommodations, may be…

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06632054.

In this cohort study, the incidence of EO mADC increased mainly among patients with multiple metastatic sites and those with peritoneum rather than liver or lung involvement. Net survival improved over time except for peritoneal involvement. These results suggest that intensive treatment is needed for young adults with EO mADC when the peritoneum is involved.

In this study, an accurate prediction model for mortality among kidney recipients, computable at the time of transplant, was developed and externally validated. Results suggest that this model may help stratify patient risk of death, allowing for improved medical decisions.

This genetic association study of adults with prediabetes suggests that diabetes risk reduction after supplementation with 4000 IU/d of vitamin D3 was restricted to participants carrying the AC and CC alleles of the ApaI polymorphism. These findings support the potential role of ApaI genotyping in identifying individuals most likely to experience benefits from high-dose vitamin D3 treatment to re…

In this cross-sectional difference-in-differences study of Medicaid-insured children with behavioral health conditions, Medicaid ACO implementation was not associated with broad improvements in children's behavioral health care and was associated with higher unmet needs. These findings suggest that pediatric-specific strategies and workforce investments are needed in Medicaid ACOs to support chil…

This cross-sectional study of patients with dnMBC found racial and ethnic disparities in disease presentation and inequities in timely treatment for dnMBC across subtypes, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions to improve care delivery and outcomes.

Smartphones have fundamentally changed how people communicate.Since they were introduced 2 decades ago, these digital devices have become the primary interface through which people engage in different aspects of their personal and professional lives.These communications are increasingly through brief, asynchronous interactions such as text messages and mobile application notifications. 1 Telephon…

In this systematic review of IPDMAs, protocols and reports often failed to prespecify anticipated effect modification directions, distinguish within-trial from between-trial analyses, and appropriately handle continuous variables. Concordance between protocols and reports was poor, with frequent omission of planned and addition of unplanned effect modification analyses.