Frontiers in Nutrition

Gestational constipation affects up to 40% of pregnant women, yet remains underappreciated as a clinical entity with implications beyond maternal discomfort. This review synthesizes current evidence on the intricate relationships between pregnancy-associated constipation, gut microbiota dynamics, and perinatal health outcomes. Pregnancy induces profound remodeling of the maternal gut ecosystem–ch…

Background The relationship between serum lipids and depression is poorly characterized, with existing studies yielding inconsistent results. We aim to prospectively investigate the associations between 11 serum lipid traits and risk of incident depression in a large cohort from the UK Biobank. Methods The primary exposures were baseline serum concentrations of Apolipoprotein A (ApoA), Apolipopro…

Objective Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and traditional glycaemic control indicators struggle to comprehensively predict its risk. This study aims to investigate the association between the stress hyperglycaemia ratio (SHR), fasting blood glucose/glycated hemoglobin (FBG/HbA1c), postprandial 2-h glucose/glycated hemoglobin (P2h…

Sarcopenia is a prevalent condition in older adults that involves the progressive loss of muscle mass and function, affecting their autonomy and quality of life. Balanced nutrition, especially adequate protein intake, is essential for preventing and managing this condition. This narrative review analyzes the importance of both the quantity and quality of protein in the diet of older adults to pre…

Background/objectives Adolescent female athletes often present insufficient dietary intake and limited sports nutrition knowledge (SNK). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a short-term nutrition education intervention on SNK, dietary intake, and body composition in adolescent female handball players. Methods A community-based randomized controlled trial was conducted. Four handball clubs…

Objective Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is prevalent in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and associated with poor outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement of fat-free mass index (FFMI) measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with conventional nutritional tools and to explore its potential value as a supplementary screening measure for PEW in MHD patients. Methods In t…

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing global health concern, intricately linked to metabolic disorders such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. As conventional pharmacological treatments often show limited efficacy, there is increasing interest in functional foods, particularly probiotics and prebiotics, as potential therapeutic strategies for…

Background Few studies have simultaneously examined temporal trends in multiple serum vitamins and their associations with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially in non-Western populations. This study aimed to characterize temporal trends of serum vitamins (A, B9, B12, D, E) among Chinese adults undergoing health examinations (2015–2023) and explore their associations with NAFLD. M…

Introduction Creatine, recognized for its regulatory functions in various metabolic tissues, has aroused interest regarding its systemic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of creatine supplementation on blood lipid profile parameters. Methods A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines (CRD420251025690). Searches were conducted in EMBASE, Lil…

Background Malnutrition is highly prevalent among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the relationship between nutritional status and the quality of bowel preparation in this population remains unexplored. Aims This study aims to investigate the association between nutritional status at admission and inadequate bowel preparation in patients with IBD. Methods This retrospectiv…

Background The Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome integrates the pathophysiology of metabolic disease, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. Accessible biomarkers for risk stratification are urgently needed, especially in high-risk populations like patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We compared the novel Triglyceride-Glucose-Chinese Visceral Adiposity Index (TyG-CVAI) …

Background Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become a major comorbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the triglyceride-glucose–body mass index (TyG-BMI), the C-reactive protein–triglyceride–glucose index (CTI), and the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), individually and in comb…

Introduction This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic material basis and mechanisms of a Sanghuangporus vaninii -based functional food formulation (FSV) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using an integrated approach combining chemical profiling, metabolomics, and computational biology. Methods Chemical profiling of FSV was performed using UPLC-QTOF/MS, followed by network pharmacology to …

Objective Acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) shows promise for improving insulin resistance in abdominal obesity, but its comparative efficacy against other interventions remains unclear due to a lack of head-to-head trials. This study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of ACE for reducing HOMA-IR in this population and to compare different interventions via network meta-analysi…

Background Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously defined as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, with a pathophysiological spectrum ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis and fibrosis. Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an atherogenic lipo…

Background Hospital nutritional diets significantly impact healthcare service standards, therapeutic outcomes, and patient satisfaction. Traditional manual dietary survey methods suffer from substantial limitations and high resource demands. Despite technological advances, few systems have successfully integrated machine vision, electronic weighing, and standardized databases for real-time nutrie…

This research addresses a critical gap in our understanding of how specific meals consumed during the day relate to cognitive function, particularly memory performance. While numerous studies have explored overall dietary patterns, few have considered the isolated effects of specific meals. Across two studies, we investigated subjective and objective measures of memory in relation to dietary habi…

Purpose To investigate the association between nutrition status indicators and vitamin D deficiency in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 285 hospitalized T2DM patients from Hebei General Hospital. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) < 20 ng/mL. Nutritional indicators, including total protein,…

Over the past few decades, the academic community has been actively studying the problem of eating 27 disorders in children and adolescents. It has become clear that these disorders can manifest themselves 28 not only in adults, but also in children and young people. The consequences for physical health, 29 personality development, social adaptation and overall quality of life necessitates a comp…

Objective This study aimed to identify metabolic features in obese children that are associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), to explore the dose–response relationship between these metabolites and MAFLD, and to identify any differences depending on sex of the child. Methods Obese children recruited from the outpatient clinic were categorized into obese with M…