Physica Scripta

Abstract Based on the fractional Schrödinger equation (FSE) under the parabolic potential, the evolution of the circular Butterfly vortex beams (CBVBs) is investigated numerically by using the split-step Fourier method. The results show that abrupt autofocusing (AAF) of the CBVB with high peak intensity can be reproduced periodically under the action of the parabolic potential. Besides, the effec…

Abstract Non-equilibrium systems with spatial heterogeneities, such as temperature gradients in thermal transients, could be analyzed through the Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) approximation, where entropy is computed as an integral of local contributions. However, this perspective often overlooks global correlations induced by the gradient. This work introduces a framework that models var…

Abstract This paper presents two new architectures of current controlled second generation voltage conveyors (CCVCII) with enhanced performance. The proposed circuits operate in class AB mode and employ Self Cascode (SC), Self Cascode Floating Gate MOS (SC FGMOS), Dynamic Threshold MOSFET (DTMOS), and Self Cascode Dynamic Threshold MOS (SC DTMOS) techniques. The first proposed VCII utilizes SC FG…

Abstract This study presents the design and analysis of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide based optical demultiplexers for optical communication wavelengths. Numerical analyses have been performed using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The calculated transmission efficiencies are 0.68, 0.66, 0.63, 0.60, and 0.58 at wavelengths of 1241 nm, 1281 nm, 1323 nm, 1368 nm, and 1405 nm, re…

Abstract In this study, we advance our understanding of dual parameter sensing in TFBGs through detailed modelling and highlight the ongoing and future directions for improving sensor design. The TFBGs structures of strain and low temperature measurement are thoroughly analysed in this study. The TFBGs structures with tilt angles of 4°, 8°, 12°and 16° were modelled analytically by Coupled Mode Th…

Abstract The motion of the observer relative to the cosmic rest frame induces a dipolar modulation of number counts and a characteristic ℓ–ℓ + 1 correlation in harmonic space. Building upon recent frameworks that utilize aberration-induced high-ℓ coupling, we advance a relativistic Quadratic Estimator by analytically incorporating the irreducible Poisson shot-noise trispectrum to correct non-Gaus…

Abstract An efficient approach for the design of wideband microwave photonic filter (MWPF) using phase-shifted fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and the pole-zero placement technique is demonstrated. An infinite impulse response (IIR) filtering framework is employed to significantly reduce the number of filter components. The optimized filter coefficients are constrained to be real and treated as the r…

Abstract This study examined the electronic band structure and optical characteristics of alpha-alumina (α-Al2O3) doped by indium (In), boron (B) and arsenic (As) using density functional theory (DFT). All the simulations have been carried out in the frame of the DFT function where the exchange-correlation potential is the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). In this work, the doping concent…

Abstract Bell inequalities have long been essential for the device-independent detection of entanglement. This study introduces subcorrelation Bell inequalities as a robust framework for detecting entanglement and probing quantum nonlocality.We derived a family of such inequalities, categorized according to their dependence on measurement settings, and numerically identified 19 distinct quantum s…

Abstract This paper investigates temperature-dependent optical fiber signals in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) by establishing a thermo-optic measurement model and analyzing the temporal relationship between fiber temperature and photoelectric voltage under thermal excitation. We employ the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to approximate the nonlinear state and measurement equations, achieving p…

Abstract Silver nanowires (AgNWs) are promising building blocks for transparent electrodes, flexible electronics, and plasmonic devices owing to their high electrical conductivity, optical transparency, and mechanical flexibility. However, their practical applications are limited by weak interconnections and high contact resistance at junction points. In this work, we demonstrate ion beam irradia…

Abstract In this paper, iron-cobalt double-doped CeO2 (CeO2-FeCo) abrasives was synthesized by hydrothermal method with a particle size of about 50 nm. It was found that iron-cobalt double-doping could effectively regulate the lattice structure and Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ of CeO2 ratio by Raman, UV-Vis, XPS experiments. CMP experiments show that CeO2-FeCo has the optimal polishing effect, with a removal rat…

Abstract Using density functional theory (DFT), we systematically investigate the geometric stability, electronic structure evolution, and optical response of GaSe/ZrS 2 and Janus GaSe/ZrSTe van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures under in-plane shear strain applied along the xy and yx directions (2-6%). The monolayer GaSe and ZrS 2 unit cells are first fully optimized, and a set of candidate stacki…

Abstract With the rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, a vast volume of image data is continuously generated, raising significant concerns about data security and privacy. This paper proposes a novel image encryption scheme suitable for IoT environments, leveraging a complex three-dimensional (3D) chaotic system and an enhanced Josephus ring scrambling mechanism. The proposed …

Abstract High-temperature superconducting (HTS) levitation systems have attracted increasing attention in rail transit because of their non-contact operation, low friction, and self-stabilizing property. In practical applications, track inclination leads to magnetic field deflection, which alters the electromagnetic force distribution and magnetic stiffness characteristics of the HTS system. To c…

Abstract Abstract：The negative stiffness mechanism is extensively utilized in aerospace vibration isolation systems owing to its high load-bearing capacity, minimal deformation, and excellent control performance. However, the strong nonlinear behavior inherent poses significant challenges for accurate structural parameter identification. To address the above issue, this paper proposes a parameter…

Abstract The defocusing effect of computational ghost imaging (CGI) through atmospheric turbulence is investigated, and the incoherent Lorentz source is proposed to suppress the defocusing effect. The imaging formula is derived to describe the defocusing effect of CGI in the atmosphere, and the comprehensive effects of atmospheric turbulence and defocusing on the imaging resolution of CGI with an…

Abstract This work presents a three-party cyclic quantum teleportation protocol realized through a nine-qubit resource state. In this framework, Alice, Bob, and Charlie simultaneously exchange their respective unknown two-qubit entangled states in a closed-loop configuration using local Bell-state measurements and single-qubit operations with each participant acting as both sender and receiver. W…

Abstract Abstract: Based on the excellent physical properties of the two-dimensional materials InSe and ZrSSe, exploring whether their heterostructures can realize tunable band alignment has become an important scientific issue in the research of optoelectronic functional materials. In this work, first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were employed to systematicall…

Abstract The theory of a two-level η-Hermitian Hamiltonian with PT symmetry is reviewed and extended to include open system dynamics. A first-principles derivation of the generalized Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan-Lindblad master equation appropriate for a PT−symmetric Hamiltonian is presented. Inspired by a simple light matter interaction open system model, information theoretic quantities like a …