Journal of Translational Medicine

Abstract Background The type III interferon family, known as interferon lambda (IFN-λ), consists of four isoforms (IFN-λ1, IFN-λ2, IFN-λ3, and IFN-λ4) and plays essential roles in immune responses. It mediates anti-viral and anti-tumoral activities and is distinguished from type I and type II interferons (IFNs) by its interaction with a unique receptor complex involving IFN-λR1 and IL-10 Rβ predo…

Dysregulated mitochondrial fission drives pathological cell states in cardiac fibrosis, but its upstream regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. The role of epitranscriptomic regulation, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification, in this process has not been defined. We employed integrated approaches including in vitro models of TGF-β1-stimulated cardiac fibroblasts, in vivo mous…

Mitochondria are critical for cellular metabolism, signaling, and health throughout life. Evidence increasingly links age-related mitochondrial dysfunction to a progressive decline in tissue homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is caused by various mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) structural and genetic alterations, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) produc…

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy characterized by rapid progression and poor survival. While the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 S (UBE2S) has been investigated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), its expression, functional roles, and underlying mechanisms in SCLC remain largely undefined. This study aims to elucidate the contribution of UBE2S to S…

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), affecting 1–5% of couples, is frequently driven by immunological dysregulation, including excessive natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity, reduced regulatory T cell (Treg) function, Th1/Th17 dominance, and inflammatory cytokine imbalance at the maternal-fetal interface. These abnormalities disrupt immune tolerance to the semi-allogeneic fetus, leading to implantati…

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) shows aggressive clinical behavior and lacks targeted therapeutic options, underscoring the need for novel treatment approaches. Prefoldin subunit 5 (PFDN5), a co-chaperone involved in tumor suppression and c-Myc regulation, remains largely unstudied in TNBC. This study aims to elucidate the functional role of PFDN5 in TNBC progression and its impact on the im…

Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) poses a significant clinical challenge with an elusive pathogenesis. FABP4 is crucial for lipid homeostasis and placental development, but its specific role and regulatory mechanism in URSA remain unclear. FABP4 expression was analyzed in human placental tissues from URSA patients and control groups. The functional role of FABP4 was investigated u…

Human tissue-derived organoids hold strong potential for personalized medicine and cell therapy, but this requires large cell quantities. Conventional organoid culture systems remain labor-intensive, are difficult to scale, and lack process control. Here, we present a novel strategy using an automated bioreactor platform that enables large-scale expansion of human liver organoids. Human liver org…

Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC) has high mortality due to uncontrolled cardiac inflammation and macrophage-mediated mitochondrial damage. The Ang-(1–7)/Mas receptor (MasR) axis exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, but its role in modulating macrophage phenotypes in SIC remains unclear. This study aimed to determine if MasR activation confers cardioprotective effects in SIC via the macrophage p…

This large-scale study uncovers complex co-detection patterns and microbe-dependent outcomes in ARI. A novel bidirectional severity pattern and distinct ICU microbial profiles with robust predictive factors have been identified, aiding early risk stratification and tailored management.

An increasing number of studies have found that microbes are involved in the development and treatment of tumors, and the impact of microbes on the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a prominent field in cancer studies. Although microbiome–immunity interactions in cancer have extensively reviewed in previous studies, the molecular integration of microbes with cytokines within the tumor microen…